File:Toba Caldera, Sumatra (ASTER).jpg

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English

Toba caldera in Sumatra, Indonesia produced the largest volcanic eruption in the last 2 million years. The caldera is 30 by 100 km, and has a total relief of 1700 m.

Summary

Description

English: Toba caldera in Sumatra, Indonesia produced the largest volcanic eruption in the last 2 million years. The caldera is 30 by 100 km, and has a total relief of 1700 m. The caldera probably formed in stages: large eruptions occurred 840,000, 700,000 and 75,000 years ago. The eruption 75,000 years ago produced the Young Toba Tuff, with an estimated volume of 2,800 cubic kilometers. By comparison, Mt. St. Helens erupted about 1 cubic km of ash. In places around the caldera, the tuff is more than 600 m thick. Ash fall from the eruption covers an area of at least 4 million square km (about half the size of the US). Toba and other stratovalocanoes in Sumatra are related to the subduction of the Indian Plate under the Eurasian Plate. The ASTER image was acquired on January 28, 2006, covers an area of 64.3 by 67.5 km, and is located near 2.6 degrees north latitude, 98.8 degrees east longitude.

Date

Taken on 28 January 2006

Source

Toba Caldera, Sumatra (direct link)

This image or video was catalogued by Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under Photo ID: toba.

This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing.

Other languages:

العربية ∙ беларуская (тарашкевіца) ∙ български ∙ català ∙ čeština ∙ dansk ∙ Deutsch ∙ English ∙ español ∙ فارسی ∙ français ∙ galego ∙ magyar ∙ հայերեն ∙ Bahasa Indonesia ∙ italiano ∙ 日本語 ∙ македонски ∙ മലയാളം ∙ Nederlands ∙ polski ∙ português ∙ русский ∙ sicilianu ∙ slovenščina ∙ Türkçe ∙ українська ∙ 简体中文 ∙ 繁體中文 ∙ +/−

Author

NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team

Object location	2° 36′ 00″ N, 98° 48′ 00″ E	View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap	2.600000; 98.800000

This media is a product of the
Terra mission
Credit and attribution belongs to the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) team, NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems

Licensing

	This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.)
	Warnings: Use of NASA logos, insignia and emblems is restricted per U.S. law 14 CFR 1221. The NASA website hosts a large number of images from the Soviet/Russian space agency, and other non-American space agencies. These are not necessarily in the public domain. Materials based on Hubble Space Telescope data may be copyrighted if they are not explicitly produced by the STScI.[1] See also {{PD-Hubble}} and {{Cc-Hubble}}. The SOHO (ESA & NASA) joint project implies that all materials created by its probe are copyrighted and require permission for commercial non-educational use. [2] Images featured on the Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD) web site may be copyrighted. [3] The National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) site has been known to host copyrighted content. Its photo gallery FAQ states that all of the images in the photo gallery are in the public domain "Unless otherwise noted."

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	11:36, 25 June 2023		4,285 × 4,501 (4.09 MB)	OptimusPrimeBot (talk \| contribs)	#Spacemedia - Upload of https://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/images/toba.jpg via Commons:Spacemedia

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