Platanthera bifolia

 Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Platanthera bifolia']

• English: lesser butterfly-orchid
• مصرى: بلاتانثيرا بيفوليا
• azərbaycanca: Qoşayarpaq platantera
• تۆرکجه: قوشایارپاق سونبول
• беларуская: Чараўнік двухлісты
• български: Двулистна платантера
• čeština: vemeník dvoulistý
• Cymraeg: tegeirian llydanwyrdd bach
• dansk: Bakke-Gøgelilje
• Deutsch: Zweiblättrige Waldhyazinthe
• español: satirión blanco de dos hojas
• eesti: Kahelehine käokeel
• فارسی: سنبل جنگلی دوبرگ
• suomi: valkolehdokki
• français: Platanthère à deux feuilles
• Gaeilge: Magairlín beag an fhéileacáin
• hrvatski: Mirisavi dvolist
• hornjoserbsce: Dwułopjenata kokulinda
• magyar: Fehér sarkvirág
• italiano: Platantera comune
• ქართული: ორფოთოლა
• kernowek: tegeyryan diwdhelen
• lietuvių: Dvilapė blandis
• latviešu: Smaržīgā naktsvijole
• norsk bokmål: Nattfiol
• Nederlands: Welriekende nachtorchis
• norsk nynorsk: Nattfiol
• norsk: Nattfiol
• ирон: Тæфсæджы хос
• polski: Podkolan biały
• русский: Двулистная любка
• slovenčina: vemenník dvojlistý
• slovenščina: dvolistni vimenjak
• svenska: Nattviol
• Türkçe: Guguk salebi
• українська: Любка дволиста
• 中文: 細距舌唇蘭, 细距舌唇兰
• 中文（中国大陆）: 细距舌唇兰
• 中文（简体）: 细距舌唇兰
• 中文（繁體）: 細距舌唇蘭
• 中文（香港）: 細距舌唇蘭
• 中文（新加坡）: 细距舌唇兰
• 中文（臺灣）: 細距舌唇蘭

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: angiosperms • Cladus: monocots • Ordo: Asparagales • Familia: Orchidaceae • Subfamilia: Orchidoideae • Tribus: Orchideae • Subtribus: Orchidinae • Genus: Platanthera • Species: Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. (1817)

Synonyms

Basionym Orchis bifolia L., Sp. Pl.: 939 (1753) Homotypic synonyms Lysias bifolia (L.) Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 288 (1812) Habenaria bifolia (L.) R.Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 193 (1813) Sieberia bifolia (L.) Spreng., Anleit. Kenntn. Gew., ed. 2, 2(1): 282 (1817) Satyrium bifolium (L. Wahlenb., Fl. Suec. 2: 579 (1826) Gymnadenia bifolia (L.) G.Mey., Chloris Han.: 540 (1836) Heterotypic synonyms Orchis paucifolia Gaterau, Descr. Pl. Montauban: 154 (1789) Orchis alba Lam., Fl. Franç., ed. 2, 3: 502 (1795) Orchis bifolia var. major Besser, Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 1: 43 (1809) Orchis bifolia var. brachyglossa Wallr., Sched. Crit.: 486 (1822) Orchis ochroleuca Ten., Fl. Neapol. Prodr. App. 5: 45 (1826) Orchis bifolia var. trifolia Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 5: 424 (1829) Platanthera brachyglossa (Wallr.) Rchb., Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 9: 19 (1831) Gymnadenia bifolia var. tenuiflora G.Mey., Chloris Han.: 540 (1836) Habenaria fornicata Bab., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 463 (1836) Orchis bifolia var. latissima Tinant, Fl. Luxemb.: 436 (1836) Orchis bifolia var. trifoliata Tinant, Fl. Luxemb.: 436 (1836) Orchis bifolia var. virens Tinant, Fl. Luxemb.: 436 (1836) Conopsidium platantherum Wallr., Linnaea 14: 147 (1840) Conopsidium stenantherum Wallr., Linnaea 14: 147 (1840) Platanthera solstitialis Boenn. ex Drejer, Kroeyers, Nat. Tidsskr. 4: 46 (1842) Platanthera solstitialis var. densiflora Drejer, Kroeyers, Nat. Tidsskr. 4: 46 (1842) Platanthera solstitialis var. latiflora Drejer, Kroeyers, Nat. Tidsskr. 4: 46 (1842) Platanthera solstitialis var. patula Drejer, Kroeyers, Nat. Tidsskr. 4: 46 (1842) Platanthera wankelii Rchb., Fl. Saxon.: 89 (1842) Platanthera bifolia var. conferta Peterm., Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 443 (1846) Platanthera bifolia var. laxa Peterm., Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 443 (1846) Platanthera bifolia var. quadrifolia Peterm., Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 442 (1846) Platanthera pervia Peterm., Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 591 (1846) Platanthera virescens K.Koch, Linnaea 22: 288 (1849) Platanthera satyrioides Rchb.f. in H.G.L.Reichenbach, Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: 131 (1851) Platanthera solstitialis var. pervia (Peterm.) {Rchb.f. in H.G.L.Reichenbach, Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: 121 (1851) Platanthera bifolia var. obtusifolia Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 646 (1866) Platanthera schuriana Fuss, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 19: 206 (1868) Platanthera chlorantha var. wankelii (Rchb.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 695 (1882) Platanthera solstitialis var. brachyglossa (Wallr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 696 (1882) Platanthera carducciana Goiran, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 332 (1883) Platanthera bifolia f. nudicaulis Beck, Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 211 (1890) Platanthera bifolia var. latiflora (Drejer) E.G.Camus, J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 473 (1892) Platanthera solstitialis var. trifoliata Thielens in M.Schulze, Orch. Deutschl.: 49 (1894) Platanthera viricimaculata Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 618 (1899) Platanthera montana var. lancifolia Rohlena, Magyar Bot. Lapok 3: 321 (1904 publ. 1905) Platanthera bifolia f. bracteata Cortesi, Ann. Bot. (Rome) 2: 477 (1904) Orchis platanthera (Wallr.) E.H.L.Krause in J.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 4: 53 (1905) Orchis stenanthera (Wallr.) E.H.L.Krause in J.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 4: 52 (1905) Platanthera bifolia var. carducciana (Goiran) Hallier & Wohlf. in W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3: 2443 (1905) Platanthera bifolia f. angustifolia Potonié in H.Zapalowicz, Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 2: 220 (1906) Platanthera bifolia f. humilior Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 2: 220 (1906) Platanthera bifolia f. major Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 2: 220 (1906) Platanthera bifolia var. microglossa Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 221 (1906) Platanthera bifolia f. latiflora (Drejer) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 831 (1907) Platanthera bifolia var. pervia (Peterm.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 829 (1907) Platanthera bifolia var. tenuiflora (G.Mey.) Thell. in H.Schinz & R.Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 2: 74 (1914) Platanthera lancifolia (Rohlena) A.W.Hill, Index Kew., Suppl. 6: 159 (1926) Platanthera bifolia var. simonkaiana Soó, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 34 (1927) Platanthera bifolia f. brachyglossa (Wallr.) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 101 (1928) Platanthera bifolia f. densiflora (Drejer) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 102 (1928) Platanthera bifolia f. grandiflora Hartm. ex Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 101 (1928) Platanthera bifolia f. pervia (Peterm.) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 101 (1928) Platanthera bifolia lusus quadrifolia (Peterm.) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 103 (1928) Platanthera bifolia lusus trifolia (Gaudin) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 102 (1928) Platanthera chlorantha f. lancifolia (Rohlena) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 103 (1928) Platanthera major (Besser) Linding., Gartenflora 77: 69 (1928) Platanthera bifolia f. apetiolata Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia var. brachyphylla Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia f. brevicalcarata Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia f. densispicata Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia f. multifoliolata Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia f. rotundata Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia var. spathulata Vuyck ex Verm., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 56: 240 (1949) Platanthera bifolia subsp. graciliflora Bisse, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 189 (1963) Platanthera bifolia f. trifoliata (Thielens) Pauca & Nyár., in Fl. Republ. Social Roman. 12: 728 (1972) Platanthera bifolia subsp. latiflora (Drejer) Løjtnant, Feddes Repert. 89: 14 (1978) Platanthera subalpina Brügger, Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.s., 29: 120 (1994-1885 publ. 1886)

Type species

Natural habitats

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

Images of the whole plant

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Lower Saxony

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Lower Saxony

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Belgium - La Calestienne

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Russia - Moscow region

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Forchheim (bei Karlsruhe)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Switzerland - Brienzer Rothorn

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Hüfingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  France - Fort-Louis

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Taubergießen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

Inflorescences

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Estonia

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  Muntanya d'Alinyà (Alt Urgell - Catalunya)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Belgium - La Calestienne

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  Platanthera bifolia
  France - Bucey-lès-Gy

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  Platanthera bifolia
  France - Bucey-lès-Gy

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  France - Vosges

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Italy - Limana

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Schwäbisch-Fränkische Waldberge

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Russia - Moscow region

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Estonia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Netherlands

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Hüfingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Hüfingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Taubergießen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Neuried (Ichenheim)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Neuried (Ichenheim)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

Flowers

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Wertach

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Hüfingen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Forchheim (bei Karlsruhe)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Austria - Hoher Lindkogel

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Italy - Limana

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Belgium - La Calestienne

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Italy - Limana

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Austria - Hoher Lindkogel

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Taubergießen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Taubergießen

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Neuried (Ichenheim)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Neuried (Ichenheim)

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Germany - Beckingen

Leaves

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  Platanthera bifolia
  Italy - Limana

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

Infructescences

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

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  Platanthera bifolia

Miscellaneous

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  Difference between
  Platanthera bifolia
  and
  Platanthera chlorantha

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  Platanthera bifolia,
  Platanthera × hybrida,
  Platanthera chlorantha

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  Platanthera bifolia
  ovary

Botanical illustrations

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  Platanthera bifolia
  (as syn.
  Orchis bifolia)
  plate 225 in:
  Flora Batava
  (Orchidaceae),
  vol. 3,
  (1814)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  (as syn.
  Habenaria bifolia)
  plate 1653 in:
  The Botanical Cabinet
  Conrad Loddiges & Son
  London (1817-1833)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  plate in:
  Koehlers Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen....
  Gera (1883-1914)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  plate 146 A in:
  Otto Wilhelm Thomé:
  Flora von Deutschland, Österreich u.d. Schweiz
  (Orchidaceae),
  Gera (1885)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  (as syn.
  Orchis bifolia)
  plate 344 in:
  A. Masclef:
  Atlas des plantes
  de France
  (Orchidaceae)
  Paris (1891)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  Dvolistni mušnik
  plate 460 in:
  Martin Cilenšek:
  Naše škodljive rastline
  (Orchidaceae)
  Celovec (1892)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  plate 55 in:
  Henry Correvon:
  Album des orchidées de l'Europe centrale et septentrionale
  Genève (1899)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  (as syn.
  Platanthera solstitialis)
  Tafel 37 in:
  Walter Müller:
  Abbildungen der in Deutschland und den angrenzenden Gebieten vorkommenden Grundformen der Orchideenarten
  Berlin (1904)
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  Platanthera bifolia
  plate 406 in:
  C.A.M Lindman:
  Bilder ur Nordens Flora
  (Orchidaceae)
  (1917-1927)

Native distribution areas

Reference: Brummitt, R.K. (2001) TDGW - World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Tunisia. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: China China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Manchuria, Qinghai. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea. Regional: Mongolia Mongolia. Regional: Russian Far East Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin. Regional: Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia. Regional: Western Asia Cyprus, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey. Continental: Europe Regional: Eastern Europe Baltic States, Belarus, Central European Russia, East European Russia, Krym, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.

Selected Weblinks

Wikispecies has an entry on: Platanthera bifolia.

• Kew Gardens 'World Checklist' link : Platanthera bifolia