Sturnus vulgaris

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IOC Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • Regnum: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Subphylum: Vertebrata • Infraphylum: Gnathostomata • Superclassis: Tetrapoda • Cladus: Amniota • Cladus: Reptilia • Cladus: Archosauria • Classis: Aves • Superordo: Neognathae • Ordo: Passeriformes • Subordo: Passeri • Infraordo: Passerida • Superfamilia: Muscicapoidea • Familia: Sturnidae • Genus: Sturnus • Species: Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758

Wikispecies has an entry on:

Sturnus vulgaris

Vernacular names [编辑 wikidata '紫翅椋鸟']

中文: 紫翅椋鸟
English: Common Starling, European Starling, Starling, starling
Afrikaans: Europese Spreeu
Alemannisch: Star
العربية: زرزور أوروبي
مصرى: زرزور اوروبى
asturianu: estornín pintu
azərbaycanca: Adi sığırçın
беларуская: Шпак звычайны
беларуская (тарашкевіца): шпак звычайны
български: Обикновен скорец
বাংলা: চিত্রা শালিক
brezhoneg: Dred boutin
català: estornell comú
کوردی: ڕیشۆڵی
corsu: Sturneddu
čeština: špaček obecný
kaszëbsczi: Skórc
чӑвашла: Ахаль шăнкăрч
Cymraeg: Drudwen
dansk: Stær
Deutsch: Star
Ελληνικά: Ψαρόνι
British English: starling
Esperanto: Sturno
español: Estornino Pinto, Estornino pinto
eesti: kuldnokk
euskara: Arabazozo pikart
فارسی: سار معمولی
suomi: kottarainen
føroyskt: Stari
français: Étourneau sansonnet, Etourneau sansonnet, étourneau sansonnet
Nordfriisk: Sprian
Frysk: Protter
Gaeilge: Druid
Gàidhlig: Druid
galego: Estorniño pinto
Alemannisch: Store
Gaelg: Trutlag
עברית: זרזיר מצוי
hrvatski: čvorak
magyar: seregély
հայերեն: Սովորական սարյակ
interlingua: Sturno
Bahasa Indonesia: Jalak eropa
Ido: Sturno
íslenska: Stari
italiano: Storno
日本語: ホシムクドリ
ქართული: ჩვეულებრივი შოშია
Taqbaylit: Aẓerẓur
адыгэбзэ: Бжэндэхъу
қазақша: Кәдімгі қараторғай
한국어: 흰점찌르레기
kurdî: Cîq
kernowek: Tros
Lëtzebuergesch: Spréif
lietuvių: paprastasis varnėnas
latviešu: mājas strazds
македонски: Обичен сколовранец
മലയാളം: കാളിക്കിളി
монгол: Европ тодол
кырык мары: Лачокла шӹнгӹртӹш
မြန်မာဘာသာ: ဆက်ရက်ပြောက်
эрзянь: Стяконь письмар
مازِرونی: شکروم
norsk bokmål: Stær
Plattdüütsch: Spree
Nedersaksies: spraoje
Nederlands: Spreeuw, spreeuw
norsk nynorsk: Stare
norsk: Stær
Diné bizaad: Tó wónaanídę́ę́ʼ chʼagiiłkizhí
livvinkarjala: Kottaraine
ирон: Сауцъиу
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਆਮ ਤਿਲੀਅਰ
Picard: Etornieu
polski: szpak (zwyczajny), Szpak zwyczajny
پنجابی: ایشیائی تلیئر
پښتو: شامتوره
português: estorninho-malhado
română: Graur comun
русский: Скворец
русиньскый: Шпак
sardu: Sturru
sicilianu: sturneddu
Scots: Stirlin
davvisámegiella: Stárra
žemaitėška: Špuoks
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Čvorak
slovenčina: škorec obyčajný
slovenščina: škorec
српски / srpski: Чворак
svenska: stare
தமிழ்: சாதாரண இசுடார்லிங்
ไทย: นกกิ้งโครงพันธุ์ยุโรป
ትግርኛ: ስታርሊንግ
Tagalog: Europeanong martines
lea faka-Tonga: Misi pālangi
Türkçe: Bayağı sığırcık
удмурт: Юбер
українська: шпак звичайний, Шпак
اردو: یوریشیائی تلیر
vèneto: Stornelo
Tiếng Việt: Sáo đá xanh
võro: Kuldnokk
walon: Sprewe
吴语: 紫翅椋鸟
хальмг: Үкр хар
粵語: 歐洲八哥
中文（中国大陆）: 紫翅椋鸟
中文（简体）: 紫翅椋鸟
中文（繁體）: 歐洲椋鳥
中文（臺灣）: 紫翅椋鳥

Photos

Adult summer

Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris

Other subspecies

S. v. faroensis, Mykines, Faroe Islands
S. v. zetlandicus; Baltasound, Shetland, Scotland
S. v. tauricus; Donetsk, Ukraine
S. v. nobilior or S. v. porphyronotus; Gurgaon, Delhi, India

Adult winter

Berlin, Germany
Portsmouth, England
Toulouse, France
Toulouse, France
Toulouse, France
England
California, USA
Cookstown, Northern Ireland (video)
Stevenage, England
Stevenage, England
London, England
West Somerset, England
Larvik, Norway
Paris, France
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Hungary
London, England
Cambridge, England
France
Stonehenge, Salisbury, England

Juvenile moulting to adult

Southend on Sea, Essex, England
Corstorphine, Edinburgh, Scotland
London, England
Stonehenge, Salisbury, England

Juvenile

Cradlehall, Inverness, Scotland
Adult feeding juvenile; Hyde, Manchester, England
Adult feeding juvenile; Hyde, Manchester, England
Adult feeding juvenile; Hyde, Manchester, England
Adult feeding juvenile; Hyde, Manchester, England
London, England
London, England
Young in nest; Clarinbridge, Galway, Ireland
Young leaving nest; Vilnius, Lithuania
Young in nest; Netherlands
Adult feeding juvenile in nest; Hannover, Germany
Juvenile in nest

Flocks

Volendam, Netherlands
Near Pula, Croatia
Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Deutschland
Juist, Niedersachsen, Deutschland
Juist, Niedersachsen, Deutschland
London, England
Pre-roost gathering; Haßloch, Pfalz, Germany
Bodenheim, Germany
Lille, France
Jutland, Denmark
Wigton, Cumbria, England
ID composite
Pre-roost flock in Rome, Italy (video)

Illustrations

Sturnus vulgaris
(common:
Starling)
Plate 18 in:
A Manual of Bird Study

Art

Sturnus vulgaris
(aka: Starling)
73 in:
Bird Children
1912

Range Maps

Distribution map

Distribution

取自“https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sturnus_vulgaris&oldid=753240230”

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