English subtitles for clip: File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Breastfeeding.webm

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Breastfeeding, also known as nursing, is the feeding of babies and young children with milk from a woman's breast.[1]



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Health professionals recommend that breastfeeding begin within the first hour of a baby's life and continue as often and as much as the baby wants.[2][3]



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During the first few weeks of life babies may nurse roughly every two to three hours, and the duration of a feeding is usually ten to fifteen minutes on each breast.[4]



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Older children feed less often.[5]



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Mothers may pump milk so that it can be used later when breastfeeding is not possible.[1]



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Breastfeeding has a number of benefits to both mother and baby, which infant formula lacks.[3][6]



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Deaths of an estimated 820,000 children under the age of five could be prevented globally every year with increased breastfeeding.[7]



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Breastfeeding decreases the risk of respiratory tract infections and diarrhea, both in developing and developed countries.[2][3] Other benefits include lower risks of asthma, food allergies, type 1 diabetes, and leukemia.[3]



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Breastfeeding may also improve cognitive development and decrease the risk of obesity in adulthood.[2]



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Mothers may feel pressure to breastfeed, but in the developed world children generally grow up normally when bottle fed.[8]



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Benefits for the mother include less blood loss following delivery, better uterus shrinkage, and decreased postpartum depression.[3] Breastfeeding delays the return of menstruation and fertility, a phenomenon known as lactational amenorrhea.[3]



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Long term benefits for the mother include decreased risk of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.[3][7] Breastfeeding is less expensive than infant formula.[9][10]



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Health organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend breastfeeding exclusively for six months.[2][3][11] This means that no other foods or drinks other than possibly vitamin D are typically given.[12]



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After the introduction of foods at six months of age, recommendations include continued breastfeeding until one to two years of age or more.[2][3]



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Globally about 38% of infants are only breastfed during their first six months of life.[2] In the United States in 2015, 83% of women begin breastfeeding and 58% were still breastfeeding at 6 months, although only 25% exclusively.[13]



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Medical conditions that do not allow breastfeeding are rare.[3] Mothers who take certain recreational drugs and medications should not breastfeed.[14]



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Smoking, or drinking limited amounts of alcohol or coffee, are not reasons to avoid breastfeeding.[15][16][17]