Category:Evacuation, burning, and liberation of Finnmark and Northern Troms 1944-1945

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English: Evacuation, burning, and liberation of Finnmark and Nothern Troms 1944–1945

Towards the end of World War II, with Operation Nordlicht, the Germans used the scorched earth tactic in Finnmark and northern Troms to halt the Red Army. As a consequence of this, few houses survived the war, and a large part of the population was forcefully evacuated further south (Tromsø was crowded), but many people avoided evacuation by hiding in caves and mountain huts and waited until the Germans were gone, then inspected their burned homes. There were 11,000 houses, 4,700 cow sheds, 106 schools, 27 churches, and 21 hospitals burned. There were 22,000 communications lines destroyed, roads were blown up, boats destroyed, animals killed, and 1,000 children separated from their parents.

However, after taking the town of Kirkenes on 25 October 1944 (as the first town in Norway), the Red Army did not attempt further offensives in Norway. The town was handed over to Norway as the war ended. When war was over, more than 70,000 people were left homeless in Finnmark. The government imposed a temporary ban on residents returning to Finnmark because of the danger of landmines. The ban lasted until the summer of 1945 when evacuees were told that they could finally return home.


Norsk bokmål: Tvangsevakureingen, nedbrenningen og befrielsen av Finnmark og Nord-Troms 1944–1945 Tvangsevakueringen og nedbrenningen av Finnmark og Nord-Troms omfatter de tyske okkupasjonsstyrkenes evakuering og rasering av Finnmark og Nord-Troms under tilbaketoget fra Murmanskfronten mot slutten av andre verdenskrig. Aksjonene pågikk fra oktober 1944 til mai 1945, og tyskerne tok i bruk den brente jords taktikk for å hindre den fiendtlige, sovjetiske røde armé i å dra nytte av ressursene dit de kom. Dette innebar at mesteparten av bygningsmassen og infrastrukturen i de norske områdene øst for Lyngenlinjen ble brent og ødelagt. Sivilbefolkningen på nær 60,000 ble også forsøkt tvangsflyttet sørover, men omkring 25,000 mennesker gjemte seg bort til fjells og i utmark fra de tyske soldatene hadde evakuert til områdene ble frigjort av russiske styrker eller av norske politistyrker. Kort tid etter krigen satte Stortinget i gang et storstilt arbeid for å gjenreise bebyggelsen i Finnmark.
<nowiki>operacija Nordlicht; ノルトリヒト作戦; opération Nordlicht; Operasjon Nordlicht; Operatie Nordlicht; Unternehmen Nordlicht; Operaatio Nordlicht; Operation Nordlicht; Operaco Nordlumo; prisilna evakuacija in požig Finnmarke in Severnega Tromsa leta 1944; Unternehmen Nordlicht (1944); 1944 forced evacuation and scorching of Finnmark and North Troms; Hendelser i Norge under andre verdenskrig; Duitse militaire operatie in Finland aan het eind van WO II</nowiki>
Operation Nordlicht 
1944 forced evacuation and scorching of Finnmark and North Troms
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  • September 1944
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  • February 1945
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Wikidata Q12007951
BabelNet ID: 10603383n
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