File:A Reference handbook of the medical sciences - embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science (1885) (14597577040).jpg

Identifier: refere07buck (find matches)
Title: A Reference handbook of the medical sciences : embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science
Year: 1885 (1880s)
Authors: Buck, Albert H. (Albert Henry), 1842-1922
Subjects: Medicine
Publisher: New York : William Wood
Contributing Library: Yale University, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Yale University, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library

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tothe top, tinted of a blue color if hemoglobin be present.Dr. Mahomed claims that by this test a quantity of hemo-globin may be detected that is too small to be recognizedby the spectroscope or to give the albumen reaction withnitric acid. Thus blood may be detected in the pre-albumiuuric stage of scarlatina, and when in chronic ne-phritis but little albumen is present. Albumen interfereswith the reaction if much is present. Saliva, nasal mu-cus, and iodides also give a blue color uuder the sameconditions. Hematuria.—Having determined that the urine con-tains blood, and not the blood-pigments only, from thedetection not only of the coloring matter but also of thecellular elements, the question presents itself : Whencecomes the hemorrhage ? It may be from the kidney it-self or from the urinary passages ; either the pelvis ofthe kidney, the ureter, the bladder, or the urethra. To locate the hemorrhage is often very difficult, andfrom the examination of the urine alone frequently im-
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FlG. 4270.—Spectra of Blood-pigments. 1, Oxyhsemoglobin ; 2, reduced haemoglobin ; 3, meth£emoglt>-bm (concentrated solution); 4, hsematin ; 5, urobilin. (Salkowski.) possible ; other symptoms, pointing to one or anotherpart of the uropoetic system as the affected region, mustbe sought for in making a diagnosis. The old idea thatbrown blood (methemoglobin) comes from the kidney,and red blood (oxyhemoglobin) from the bladder, is oc-casionally true, but the nature of the pigment, as shownabove, depends not on the locality, but on the rapidityof the hemorrhage. Generally speaking, however, alarge quantity of more or less pure blood that coagulates,indicates hemorrhage from the urinary passages. Insuch cases the blood on standing deposits completely,leaving above it an almost pure urine. If the bleeding occur in the urethra it is continuous,and the first portions of the urine passed will alone bebloody, while that passed later will be quite free fromblood. Urethral hemorrhage may be

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