File:America, from discovery in 1942 to the present time (1894) (14578019979).jpg

Identifier: americafromdisco00boyd (find matches)
Title: America, from discovery in 1942 to the present time
Year: 1894 (1890s)
Authors: Boyd, James P(enny) (from old catalog)
Subjects:
Publisher: Mansfield, Ohio, Estill & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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Text Appearing Before Image:
THE QUAKER COMES.—All secrects were finding an asylum
in America, why should not the peaceful, pious, liberty-loving
Quaker? His experiment was now ripe for trial. The son of a
Leicestershire weaver and the apprentice of a Nottingham shoe-
maker, George Fox, had questioned his life, till the revelation
came that truth is only to be sought by listening to the voice of
God in the soul. Creeds and superstitions and idle forms of
men were vanities. The Spirit was the true monitor. This was
freedom in the abstract. Monarchy, hierarchy, code, every
outward, hampering, trammelling thing, must go down before it.
The Quaker rise was remarkable and memorable. It was intel-
lectual freedom bursting out amid the masses, the old philos-
ophy of the Portico playing its part among the people. Quaker-
ism, as developed by Barclay and Penn, became intellectual free-
dom, the supremacy of mind, universal enfranchisement. Its
reality was the Inner Light. As old as humanity, it embraced
humanity. The first distinctive Quaker settlement was in West
New Jersey at Salem, 1675, on a moiety of his province bought
of Berkley. In this purchase Penn became interested. But
the Quaker wanted more. Even the purchase of East New
Jersey of the heirs of Cartaret was not enough. A grant must
be had west of the Delaware. For this Penn became a suitor in
1680. England owed his father £ 16,000 for signal service in
Text Appearing After Image:

FIRST SETTLEMENT OF NEW YORK. 109
110 COLONIAL BIRTH AND GROWTH.

naval warfare against the Dutch. Grant of a province was an
easy way to cancel the debt. In favor with the Duke of York,
he obtained from Charles II., Pennsylvania, which was included
within three degrees of latitude and five of longitude, west of the
Delaware. The Duke of York retained the three lower counties ;t
hat is, the State of Delaware, as an appendage to his New York
possessions. Penn launched his experiment in 1682, at Phila-
delphia. His form of government was liberal. No colonist
complained of power withheld or right endangered. His scheme
is thus epitomized in his own language : It is the great end of
government to support power in reverence with the people, and
to secure the people from the abuse of power; for liberty with-
out obedience is confusion, and obedience without liberty is
slavery. His policy with the Indian was that of the Swede,
who had preceded him. The native was dealt with as a man.
His lands were bought, not stolen. Respect for native titles

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