File:Anatomy, physiology and hygiene (1900) (14592532370).jpg

Identifier: anatomyphysiolog00walk (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, physiology and hygiene
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Walker, Jerome, 1845-
Subjects: Physiology Health
Publisher: Boston, Allyn and Bacon
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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asleep or awake, these centres pursuethe even tenor of their way. Under some great emotion,when all the energy of our being is centred on one thought 1 Other portions of the medulla are said to regulate mastication, swal-lowing, vocal utterance, and the secretion of saliva and sweat. 2 Instantaneous death may result from injury to the medulla oblongatawithout the necks being broken, as when the atlas is dislocated by thestriking of the head upon the bed of a stream in diving from a height intoshallow water — a proceeding always attended with danger. Occasionallyanimals fall dead from sudden injury to the vital point. For instance,a clumsy shanghai rooster, in full pursuit of another, fell over a woodenpail, striking the back of his head, and died instantly. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 287 or supreme effort, these centres may stand in abeyance,or the pang may be so great as to break the vital chain.Higher life is only possible by freedom from the necessityof watching over these functions. CE
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CE CER Fig. 92. The Lower Surface or Base of the Brain. CE, cerebrum, right and left hemispheres ; CEE, cerebellum, right ami left portions. Pass-ing from one hemisphere to another is a white, broad, transverse band of fibres, like abridge. This is the pons Varolii (bridge of Yarolius), and is a bond of union betweenthe various segments of the brain. Underlying it is the upper portion of the medullaoblongata. The cranial nerves are shown branching out from under the front andmiddle portions of the hemispheres, and from the sides of the medulla oblongata. 312. The Cranial Nerves.—Of these there are twelvepairs (Fig. 92), numbered from one to twelve in theorder in which they rise from the base of the brain, the 288 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. enumeration beginning at the front of the cerebrum andcontinuing backwards. These nerves, with the exceptionof those distributed to the interior of the nose, eye, andear (termed nerves of special sense), are either motor orsensory, or are mixed nerves an

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