File:Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools (1900) (14594909577).jpg

Identifier: anatomyphysiolo00hewe (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Hewes, Henry Fox, 1867-
Subjects: Physiology Health education (Secondary) Human anatomy
Publisher: New York : American Book Company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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ilage, called a costcdcartilage (costa, a rib), npoii its sternal extremity. The joints of the ribs, with the vertebrae and with thesternum, allow of the motion between these parts whichoccurs in breathing. The combination of bone and cartilage in the ribs, theircurved shape and jointed attachments, make them excellentstructures for the movable walls of a box like the thorax,which must be, at the same time, strong, light, and springj^ The steyiium (Greek sternon) is a flat bone forming thefrontal piece of the thorax. It is attached to the seven upperribs. The pectoral and pelvic girdles. Attached to the spine andthoracic skeleton are the two girdles which support thelimbs. 44 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE The pectoral girdle (Latin pectus, chest) consists of twoattached bones upon each side of the thorax, the clavicle(Latin clavis^ ^ a key ) and the scapula. The clavicle, or collar bone, articulates at its inner ex-tremity with the sternum. At its outer extremity it supports Clavicle Humerus
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Scapula and clavicle, with end of humerus, representingarticulation of pectoral girdle with thorax. the scapula. It holds the arm out from the body and thusfacilitates free motion. In animals, as the horse, which usethe fore limb for support only there is no clavicle in theskeleton. The scapula, or shoulder blade, a large flat triangular bonewith a prominent spine upon its dorsal surface, lies behindthe ribs in the back. It is held in its place by muscles andligaments, and by its attachment to the clavicle. Together THE SKELETON 45 Scapula these bones, two upon each side, form an imperfect arch forthe support of the arms. The pelvic (Latin pelvis, a basin ) girdle, which supportsthe lower limbs, is made up of the two innominate (Latin in,without, and nomen,^^ a name)or hip bones, one upon each side.Each bone attaches to the sacrumand arches round to meet its fel-low, the two together forming acomplete arch. The cup-shapedcavity thus formed is called thepelvic cavity. The skeleton of t

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