File:Anthropology (1878) (14770711895).jpg

Identifier: Anthropology_829 (find matches)
Title: Anthropology
Year: 1878 (1870s)
Authors: Topinard, Paul
Subjects: Human beings Anthropology
Publisher: London, Chapman and Hall Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott and Co.

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till in the higherspecies—the pithecians. The scene suddenly changes as regardsthe anthropoid apes. All the characters indicating the func-tional separation of the series in front, and of that behind, havecompletely disappeared. The dorsal spinous processes, by theirlength, their great obliquity, and their imbrication, approximate tothe human type much more than to that of the pithecians and otherapes; those of the false dorsal are obliquely inclined towards the Chap, il) STYLOID PEOCESSES OF THE VERTEBRA. 65 pelvis, as in Man; and those of the lumbar have not the leasttendency to anteversion; far from it, for often they are ratherinclined towards the pelvis.—(Broca). In the semnopithecus (Fig. 9), belonging to the family ofpithecians, are represented the single dorso-lumbar curvature, withits convexity looking upwards ; the retroversion of the spinousprocesses of the dorsal vertebrae (except the last two), the ante-version of the lumbars, and the scarcely visible processes of the
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I^ig. 9.—Skeleton of Semnopithecus Entellus, one of the Pithecians. last two dorsal, answering to the separation of the trunk into twoseries—the one anterior, the other posterior. Styloid Processes of Vertebrce. The consolidation of each series into one compact whole isthe last distinctive character of quadrupeds. The ribs and thesternum are the intermediary of this consolidation in the anteriorseries, which is a reason for the last dorsal with an independent F 66 SACRUM. (Chap. ii.. rib being excluded from it. A special system of processes, called!styloid, detached from the lumbar vertebrae, and which does notexist in Man, nor in tbe anthropoid ajDes, has the same design inthe posterior series. Sacrum and Coccyx. The mode of termination of the vertebral column—below inbipeds, behind in quadrupeds—has been the object of careful study by M. Broca. According to him, the vertebrae which are articulated!with the coccyx form the true sacrum, while all the remainder-appertain to the

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