File:Bakerian Lecture- On the Variation of the Specific Heat of Water, with Experiments by a New Method (1913) (14589968160).jpg

Identifier: philtrans06793423 (find matches)
Title: Bakerian Lecture: On the Variation of the Specific Heat of Water, with Experiments by a New Method
Year: 1913 (1910s)
Authors: Callendar, H.
Subjects: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
Publisher: Royal Society of London

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rrect between0° C. and 20 C, and because it was employed by Messrs. Bousfield in their comparisons. There is anobvious misprint in Ludins corrected formula as quoted in the Fortschritte der Physik, 1900, IL, p. 304,but the tables appear to be correct. Ludins ratio of the mean specific heat from 0° C. to lOO* C. to thespecific heat at 20° C. is reduced from 1*0063 to 1*0058. His value for the specific heat at 90 C. isreduced from 1 -0136 to 1 -0127 in terms of the specific heat at 20° 0. 6 PROF. H. L. OALLENDAE ON THE VARIATION OF THE SPECIFIC 97° C, could not give very certain information with regard to the actual specific heatbetween 89 C. and 97° C. The observations themselves, giving the ratios of themean specific heats over different ranges, cannot be represented graphically in relationto the curve of actual specific heat represented by formula (4), Avhich is shown by thedotted line in fig. 3. It is easy, however, to deduce the corresponding formula for 1-018 IOIO t-OOS IOOO
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100 the mean specific heat from 0° C. to f C, shown in fig. 2, in relation to which theobservations may be represented by a slight reduction (as in the case of Kegnaultsobservations) which does not materially affect their relative errors. The individualobservations at each point are shown by the small crosses. The large crossessurrounded by circles represent the means of each group. The full curve, markedLudins formula, represents the equation s = l*0084--0*00038656^ + 0-000006588^^™-000000002929^^^ (5) which gives the mean specific heat from 0° C. to f C. by Lubins formula in terms ofthe specific heat at 20° 0. taken as unity. The group means are seen to differ by lessthan 1 in 1,000 from LtJDms curve. It must be remembered, however, that theobservations in each group were all taken consecutively under the same conditionswith the same calorimeter and thermometers, and would give no indication of possibleconstant errors. Thus in LtiDiisrs method of operation it was necessary to v

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