File:Book of Texas (1916) (14750507446).jpg

Identifier: bookoftexa00bene (find matches)
Title: Book of Texas
Year: 1916 (1910s)
Authors: Benedict, Harry Yandell, 1869-1937 Lomax, John A. (John Avery), 1867-1948
Subjects: Texas Texas -- Economic conditions
Publisher: Garden City, N.Y. : Doubleday, Page
Contributing Library: Houston Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation

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gwith sediment. Old Spanish maps of the coastline indicatemany extensive changes in its bays, peninsulas, and islandsduring the last two hundred and fifty years. In Texas there is a particularly close relation betweenthe rocks that underlie the surface and the hills, valleys,soils, plants, and animals that now occupy this surface. Togeology, therefore, we must look for an explanation of theconditions which, along with amount of rainfall, have deter-mined and will continue largely to determine the industriesand population. The accompanying diagrams, not drawn strictly to scale,indicate sufficiently the geological situation underground THE LAND 71 and at the surface. Those great sheets of rock which mainlylie underground but whose outcrops form the surface of theearth are indicated by different colors and by their geo-logical names somewhat modified for present purposes. Ingeology the word recent is to be taken in a strictly Pick-wickian sense. The newer strata lie, of course, above the
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Compiled from Simonds Geography of Texas and Reports of the U. S. Geological Survey older. Not all the rocks of any one of these systems arealike, the names being derived from some prominent char-acter of the system. The first diagram does not apply tothe Mountain Region, where the stratified rocks laid downby water have been tilted in various directions by igneous 72 THE BOOK OF TEXAS agencies. The Western Recent is mainly a lake deposit,but all the other stratified rocks are marine. The granitelong ago cooled from a molten or igneous state. Overthe southeastern two-thirds of the state the strata dipto the southeast; over the remaining third they dip to thenorthwest. In the Central Mineral Region in Llano, Burnet, andGillespie counties a fundamental granitic up thrust haslifted up all the stratified rocks, and during the ages that

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