File:Bulletin - United States National Museum (1918) (14785032655).jpg

Identifier: bulletinunitedst9911918unit (find matches)
Title: Bulletin - United States National Museum
Year: 1877 (1870s)
Authors: United States National Museum Smithsonian Institution United States. Dept. of the Interior
Subjects: Science
Publisher: Washington : Smithsonian Institution Press, (etc.) for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt Print. Off.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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, almost rounded in cross section and not at aU concave on inner surface, with no superiormargin for strong muscle attachment (in skulls of wild-killed speci-mens the squamosal arm of the zygoma is thin and hght, butstrong; it is greatly hollowed out on inner surface and has a sharpsuperior margin). The region of insertion, tlie outer lateral faceof the ascending mandibular ramus, is also greatly modified. In theMcMillan skulls it is comparatively heavy and thick, but is smoothand poorly fitted for muscle attachment. The margin is smoothand rounded. The great zygomatic breadth of the skull of thecaptive lion is partly due to the rounded squamosal arm. Regions of attachment of the temiioral muscle.—The chief function ofthe temporal muscles is to apply to the cheek teeth the power neededfor the crushmg and cutting up of the food killed by the canines andincisors. As the lions in the Zoological Park are always fed withpieces of meat containing large bones, in order to guard against the
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Figs. 2-3.—Cross sections of zygomata op wild-killed AND PARK-KEAEED LION SKULLS, MADEAT INFERIOR POINT OF ZYGOMATICO-TEMPOEAL SUTURE.—(2) Wild-killed (No. 155443, Nairobi.British East Africa); (3) park-reared (No.199707, McMillan lion.) Adult males ofequal age. Nat. size. 160 BULLETIN 99, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. natural tendency of carnivores to bolt their food without chewing,the temporal muscles are used by them in an essentially normal way.These muscles, unlike the disused masseters, have moulded the partsof the growing skull to which they are attached in more nearly thesame manner as in wild individuals. The region of origin, the entu-eside of the skull posteriorly, is somewhat modified. The braincasehas been less subjected to pressure by these powerful muscles than inthe wild Hon, and it, as a consequence, is less compressed laterally.Wild lion skulls of equal age have smaller braincases, and more sharplymarked sagittal and lambdoidal crests. The region of insertion,

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