File:Guide leaflet (1901) (14763638914).jpg

Identifier: scienceguide1630amer (find matches)
Title: Guide leaflet
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: American Museum of Natural History
Subjects: American Museum of Natural History Natural history
Publisher: New York : The Museum
Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library
Digitizing Sponsor: IMLS / LSTA / METRO

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ulesprojecting from the lower end. In life this stalk-like support isanchored in the mud at the sea-bottom by means of barbs andhooks at the lower end of the spicules. An interesting peculiarityof this sponge is its association with tiny Zoophytes (Palythoa)which are always found growing upon its stem (see Fig. 22).This is an illustration of the phenomenon of symbiosis, indicatingan association of two animal forms for their mutual advantage. Suborder Dictyonina.—The two specimens of Farrea occaCarter (see Fig. 14, p. 230) and Aphrocallistes show particularlywell the lattice-like framework peculiar to this group, and alsothe characteristic manner of growth of these sponges. The glass sponges are all universally distributed in the deepwaters of tropical seas. Most of the specimens exhibited in thisMuseum were collected in the Sagami Sea, an arm of the Sea ofJapan. This is a particularly favorable locality, as the sea-bottom falls away rapidly to a great depth close to the shore, (2 6)
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FIGS. 19-22. —SOME TYPICAL GLASS SPONGESFlG. 19.—A tree-like species ( Walteria Uuck- FlG. 20.—The Cactus Sponge iAcanthascus hardti Ijima). cactus Schulze). Fig. 21.—Venuss Flower-basket (Euflectella FlG. 22.—A Glass-rope Sponge (Hyalonema speciosiaima Owen). owstoni Ijima) with Palythoa growing on stem. (27) 241 242 THE AMERICAN MUSEUM JOURNAL thus giving an opportunity for deep sea forms to stray up intocomparatively shallow water. The native method of collecting these sponges is interesting.An apparatus called a dabo line is used. This is a long lineabout an eighth of an inch in thickness, to which smaller branchlines or snoods are attached at short intervals. Each snoodends in a brass or iron wire hook with a barbed point. The dabo lines are coiled in baskets placed in the bottom of a boatmanned by five or six men. The hooks are stuck in a rowaround the edge of the basket, and as the line is uncoiled, aresuccessively unfastened by one of the men. The line is set bytying

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