File:Host-diet-gut microbiome interactions influence human energy balance- a randomized clinical trial.pdf
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DescriptionHost-diet-gut microbiome interactions influence human energy balance- a randomized clinical trial.pdf |
English: The gut microbiome is emerging as a key modulator of human energy balance. Prior studies in humans lacked the environmental and dietary controls and precision required to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of the gut microbiome. Using a Microbiome Enhancer Diet (MBD) designed to deliver more dietary substrates to the colon and therefore modulate the gut microbiome, we quantified microbial and host contributions to human energy balance in a controlled feeding study with a randomized crossover design in young, healthy, weight stable males and females (NCT02939703). In a metabolic ward where the environment was strictly controlled, we measured energy intake, energy expenditure, and energy output (fecal and urinary). The primary endpoint was the within-participant difference in host metabolizable energy between experimental conditions [Control, Western Diet (WD) vs. MBD]. The secondary endpoints were enteroendocrine hormones, hunger/satiety, and food intake. Here we show that, compared to the WD, the MBD leads to an additional 116 ± 56 kcals (P < 0.0001) lost in feces daily and thus, lower metabolizable energy for the host (89.5 ± 0.73%; range 84.2-96.1% on the MBD vs. 95.4 ± 0.21%; range 94.1-97.0% on the WD; P < 0.0001) without changes in energy expenditure, hunger/satiety or food intake (P > 0.05). Microbial 16S rRNA gene copy number (a surrogate of biomass) increases (P < 0.0001), beta-diversity changes (whole genome shotgun sequencing; P = 0.02), and fermentation products increase (P < 0.01) on an MBD as compared to a WD along with significant changes in the host enteroendocrine system (P < 0.0001). The substantial interindividual variability in metabolizable energy on the MBD is explained in part by fecal SCFAs and biomass. Our results reveal the complex host-diet-microbiome interplay that modulates energy balance. |
Date | |
Source | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38778-x#rightslink |
Author | Karen D. Corbin, Elvis A. Carnero, Blake Dirks, Daria Igudesman, Fanchao Yi, Andrew Marcus, Taylor L. Davis, Richard E. Pratley, Bruce E. Rittmann, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown & Steven R. Smith |
doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38778-x
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current | 00:48, 30 July 2023 | 1,239 × 1,645, 17 pages (3.11 MB) | Koavf (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by Karen D. Corbin, Elvis A. Carnero, Blake Dirks, Daria Igudesman, Fanchao Yi, Andrew Marcus, Taylor L. Davis, Richard E. Pratley, Bruce E. Rittmann, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown & Steven R. Smith from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38778-x#rightslink with UploadWizard |
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Publisher | Springer US |
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Software used | Springer |
File change date and time | 19:53, 31 May 2023 |
Date and time of digitizing | 18:58, 31 May 2023 |
Date metadata was last modified | 19:53, 31 May 2023 |
Copyright status | Copyrighted |
Identifier | doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38778-x |
Conversion program | iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version) |
Encrypted | no |
Page size | 595.276 x 790.866 pts |
Version of PDF format | 1.4 |
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