File:Kirkes' handbook of physiology (1907) (14767624534).jpg

Identifier: kirkeshandbookof00kirk (find matches)
Title: Kirkes' handbook of physiology
Year: 1907 (1900s)
Authors: Kirkes, William Senhouse, 1823-1864 Greene, Charles Wilson, 1866-1947
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: New York, W. Wood and company
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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ess intricate of themodern instruments. It consists of, a, a slightly concave mirror of metal or silvered glassperforated in the center, and fixed into a handle; and b, a biconvex lens of 6 to 8 cm.focal length. Two methods of examining the eye with this instrument are in common use—the direct and the indirect: both methods of investigation should be employed. A nor-mal eye should be examined. A drop of a solution of atropine (two grains to the ounce)or of homatropine hydrobromate should be dropped into the right eye only about twentyminutes before the examination is commenced; the ciliary muscle is thereby paralyzed, 656 THE SENSES the power of accommodation is abolished, and the pupil is dilated. This will materiallyfacilitate the examination; but it is quite possible to observe all the details to be presentlydescribed without the use of this drug. The room being now darkened, the observer seatshimself in front of the person whose eye he is about to examine, placing himself upon a
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Fig. 469.—Diagram to Illustrate Action of Ophthalmoscope when a Biconvex Glass is Used.The figure d on retina of a is under ordinary conditions focussed at / and inverted. If the lensb be placed between eyes, the image h is seen by the eye c as an enlarged image. (After Mc-Gregor Robertson.) somewhat higher level. A subdued but steady light is placed close to the left ear of thepatient in the examination of the right eye. Guiding the mirror in his right hand, andlooking through the central hole, the operator directs a beam of light into the eye of thepatient. A red glare, called in practice the reflex, due to the illumination of the retina, isseen. The patient is then told to look at the little fingerof the observers right hand as he holds the mirror; toeffect this the eye is rotated somewhat inward, and at thesame time the reflex changes from red to a lighter color,owing to the reflection from the optic disc. The observernow approximates the mirror, and with it his eye to theeye of

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