File:Organic and functional nervous diseases; a text-book of neurology (1913) (14779462474).jpg

Identifier: organicfunctiona00star (find matches)
Title: Organic and functional nervous diseases; a text-book of neurology
Year: 1913 (1910s)
Authors: Starr, M. Allen (Moses Allen), 1854-1932
Subjects: Nervous system Nervous System Diseases
Publisher: New York, Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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Superior surface of a brain of a congenital iiuljccile who had hcmii>lcgia and epilepsy. The entireright liemispherc is atroi)hiod. C is the arachnoid, which was thickened and fonucd thq wall of a cysticcavity in the hemisphere. (Fcrraro.) 520 THE CEBEBBAL ATBOPEIES OF CHILDHOOD. cephalus. It is a rare condition, secondary to meningitis or to mal-development of the brain, and not infrequently the fluid is poured outto fill the space left between an atrophic brain and the cranium. Thecommon form of hydrocephalus is interaal hydrooephalus, that is a dis-tention of the ventricles of the brain by an exudation of serum intothem. Internal hydrocephalus may be acute or chronic. The acute formis always due to meningitis, either simple or tuberculous (see ChapterXLI,). The chronic form may be secondary to a mild meningitis orependymitis, the original disease resulting in an adhesion within theventricles, which closes one of the foramina and prevents the free Fig. 232.
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Superior surface of the brain of a congenital imbecile. The arachnoid being removed, the poren-cephalic cavity is displayed. The cortex is wholly defective over the upper frontal and parietal lobes,and the cavity in the hemisphere opens into the lateral ventricle at D, in which the choroid plexus Eis seen. (Ferraro.) flow of serum from the lateral ventricles outward through the aqueductof Sylvius and the fourth ventricle and the foramen of Magendie intothe space about the brain. It may also be secondary to any diseasein or outside of the brain which compresses the base and obstructs thefree exit of serum from the ventricles. Thus tumors of the brainusually cause hydrocephalus. It may also be secondary to syphiliticdisease in the brain or meninges, and many congenital cases are dueto inherited syphilis, with closure of the aqueduct or foramina. Chronicinternal hydrocephalus is in many cases a congenital condition, and is MALDEVELOPMENT OF THE BHAIN. 521 very freqi^gntly associated with

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