File:Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists (1920) (14783365582).jpg

Identifier: scientificapplie00krae (find matches)
Title: Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Kraemer, Henry, 1868-1924
Subjects: Pharmacognosy
Publisher: New York, Wiley
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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cle. Life History.—The female insect after fecundation grows largeras the young larvae develop, becoming eventually about twice heroriginal size. She meanwhile attaches herself to the surface of thestems of the cacti, her body penetrating into the upper layer of cells.The upper or dorsal surface becomes more or less cartilaginous instructure and more or less convex in shape. The lower surfaceis drawn toward the upper surface and in this membranous cradlethe larvae are developed. It requires about eight days for the larvaeto become full grown, when they are said to resemble the parentswith the exception that they are covered with a short hairy coating.In another week they attain maturity and the females of the newgeneration are ready to form broods in their turn. The life historyof the cochineal insect is completed in about six weeks, two weeksbeing required for the development of the mature insect from theegg; during the next two weeks the female crawls over the fleshy COCHINEAL 701
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Fig. 308.—Diagram of cochineal insect of commerce, showing an ovoid sac-likemembranous cradle enclosing numerous young larvae (I). Parts of the motherinsect: m, mouth part; b, beak or proboscis; a, antennae; /, three pairs oflegs; r, respiration channels or breathing pores; s, segments in abdominalregion; w, wax-pores. 702 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY stems of the cacti, the male in the meanwhile being able to fly about;then the female attaches herself to the tissues of the Nopal plants,her body becoming a membranous cradle for the larvae of the nextgeneration, and after which she dies. From three to five generationsof the cochineal insect may be produced in a single year. The firstgeneration usually is richer in coloring matter and is consideredthe most valuable. It is estimated that from an area of aboutan acre of Nopal plants approximately 100 kilos of cochineal maybe gathered; this would represent about 14,000,000 of the driedinsects of commerce. The cochineal of commerc

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