File:The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette (1839) (20628164776).jpg

Title: The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette
Identifier: civilengineerarc07lond (find matches)
Year: 1839 (1830s)
Authors:
Subjects: Architecture; Civil engineering; Science
Publisher: London : (William Laxton)
Contributing Library: Northeastern University, Snell Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Northeastern University, Snell Library

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408 THE CIYIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. (October, pieces of tape nliicli are fastened to the rings b,b, and also to the springs tlieir object being to prevent llie apparatus extending beyond a certain length ; d, d, fig. I, is an eiastic covering ot india-rubber fabric, uliicb is drawn over the spiral spring and douM-d down at the ends, and then passed over or upon the projecting pins or screws seen in fig. 3 ; e, e, are plates lia\ing an opening /, provided with a valve uhicli opens inward, and is actuated by a spring in such manner as to press it against the plate, this plate being screwed or rivetted against the rings as seen at figs. 1 and 2, firmly secures the india- rubber fabric or outer covering d, d. Supposing the apparatus to be in a portable or closed slate, as at fig. 2; then in order to inflate it with air ready for use, it is only necessary to take the nautilus and by pressing with the fore finger of e.Hch hand, open the valves//, then by drawing out or extend- ing the apparatus, the nautilus will become inflated with air, which is pre- vented from escajung by the spring valves//; i, i, is a spring clasp for fas- tening the nautilus or life preserver and swimming belt, round the body of the wearer. MOSAIC WORK. John Rodert Dicksee, of Old Compton Street, Soho, Square, Middlesex^ artist, for " improvements in tite manufacture of mosaics.*^âGranted March 30 ; Enrolled September 30, 1844. The material employed by the inventor for producing mosaic work is prin- cipally opaque glass, but he also employs transparent glass, the mosaic pieces may be made of any size or colour, or of any combination of colours, the same (according to this invention) being produced by casting, moulding, or pressing, and in order to jjroduce the larger pieces uf mosaic work, the in- ventor takes two smooth iilates cf metal, in one of which there is a hole or holes of the required size and form for the mosaic piece to be produced, this hole or holes are to be made a little taper or somewhat wider on one side of the plate than the other, this plate is then laid upon the smooth metal plate with the widest side of the holes downward or next to the smooth plate, the hole in the upper plaie is then filled with glass in a fused state, either opaque or transparent ; and the same is pressed by means of a screw or lever and plunger, the object of pressing of glass in the manner described, is that a smooth and polished face is produced which may form the upper part of the mosaic work â , by this process of moulding a great variety of pieces msy be produced. For moulding smaller pieces of mosaic work, the inventor pro- poses to have plates as above described, one of which is to have a number of holes formed through it of a size and f jrm intended for the pieces of mosaic work to be produced, these plates are then to be clamped together, and a quantity ofglass in a fused state placed at one end, the plates together with the fused glass is then passed between a pair of rollers which will press the glass into the Iioles of the plate, the glass being afterwards taken out and annealed in the ordinary manner. AV'hen joining a number of pieces of mosaic work together, the inventor proceeds by stretching a piece of calico tightly upon a slate or slab, the sur- face of the calico is then to be rubbed over «ith wax or gum, for the purpose of holding the jiicces of mosaic work together which are to be arranged, with their faces downward, according to the pattern or design intended, the several pieces forming the design are then fixed together by applying a cement over the whole, the inventor prefers tliat knoun as patent Portland cement- From readnig the specification it appears that the principal olject of the invention is the casting, moulding or pressing the pieces of mosaic work, and als) the application of opaque glass in successive pieces placed side by side, or alternate, and in combination with transparent or coloured glass. SHEAVES AND BLOCKS FOR SHIPPING. Geore William Lenox and John Jones, of Billiter Square, in the city of L^mdon, merchants, for *' Improvements i« the vmnufaeture of Sheaves and Sliells fur blocks, and of Bolt rings or Washers, for the purpose of shijnvrights and engineers."âGranted April 10 ; Enrolled October 10, 1844. This invention consists in manufacturing shells and sheaves for blocks, and also bolt rings or washers for engineering purposes of malleable cast iron, which is to be afterwards annealed. In carrying out this invention, the jacntees cast the sheaves and shells for blocks in the ordinary manner of casting articles of malleable cast iron, without confining themselves to the peculiar form or shape of the Ijlock or sheave, which may be varied without departing from the nature of the invention, which is the manufacture of the articles above described of malleable cast iron, and afterwards annealing the same. The specification ce cribes the sheaves as being cast hollow, and that the shells are very light and of great strength, and that very durable articles may be produced by malleable cast iron afterwards annealed, and which may be eHected by placing the blocks and washers into an annealing oven and surroumling them with Cumberland or Lancashire iron ore, .and then sub- jecting them to a red heat, as is well understood by those who are in the
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-^TDgO^ habit of manufacturing articles of malleable cast iron. The patentees claim the manufacturing sheaves and shells of blocks and also bolt rings or washers for shipwriglits and engineers, of malleable cast iron. IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES. Frijderick Brown, of Luton, Beilfordshire. ironmonger, for " Improvements in .s/ot'fs."âGranted April 10; Enrolled October 10, IS^t. The object of this invention is to construct a stove which will be less liable to accident, and also much cleaner than those of ordinary construction. The accompanying figure which, is a sectional elevation, shows the interior and peculiar construeiinn of this im- proved stove : a a is what the inventor terms the fire pail, and is provided with a door, b, for supplying the stove with fuel, coke broken into small pieces being that which is intended to be consumed in this description of stove ; c shows one of the grate bars, and d an opening through which the ashes are to be removed, this opening is provided with a door constructed with a ventilator for regulating the supply of air to the fire ; the apparatus above described is supported by three pillars, two only of which are seen in the drawing, and marked e ; / is a conical top supported by two jiillars, g, one of which is shown in dotted lines; this conical top is entirely se- parate and distinct from the fire pail, and forms -an annular space between the top of the fire pail and the projecting' rib ;' ot the conical top, so as to allow of a current of air passing through such space, which has the double effect of preventing any accident accruing from the pipes becoming (over- heated, and also the thorough ventilation of the room in wdiich the stove is placed ; the products arising from combustion pass ofl through the aperture k into the pipe. Another advantage is stated to be, that the fire pail a can be removed for cleaning out the ashes and laying a fresh fire, thus avoiding the dust which would unavoidably arise from such operation. IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES AND TRACTION ON CANALS. John Aitke.n, of Surrey Square, Surrey, gentleman, for " improvements in water maeliines or engines and steam engines, and the mode of traction on or in canals or other waters."âGranted April 10^; Enrolled October 10, 1844. The first improvement set forth in this specification has reference to a pe- culiar mode of working dredging machines : this the inventor proposes to effect by means of undershot water wheels, which wheels are to be attached to the side of the barge or boat containing the dredging machinery, and worked by the flow of the tide ; the inventor not confining himself to any peculiar mode of constructing or transmitting motion from the water wheels to the dredg ng machinery, which latter may be of the ordinary construction^ The second improvement relates to a mode of raising stone or other heavy bodies by means of a vacuum produced by^displacing water: this apparatus consists of a tank divided by a plate into two compartments, upon this plate is fixed a cylinder provided with a piston and piston rod, similar to an ordi- nary steam engine cylinder, the piston rod being connected by some con- venient arrangement to a crane, this cylinder is provided with a valve or slide, and also with eduction and induction ports, the induction ports com- municate with the water placed in the^ lower part of the tank, the eduction ways communicate with the lower part of the tank only, the object of this arrangement being that as the water is raised from the lower part of the tank, which is effected by means of a pump, a partial vacuum will be formed in the cylinder on the upper or underside of the piston depending upon the position of the same. .Suppose for instance the plate to be at the top of the cylinder, then by pumping out the water from the lower compartment of the tank a vacuum will be formed in the lower part of the cylinder, and the water from the tank will be forced by the pressure of the atmosphere into the upper part, or top side of the piston, w hich wili cause the same to descend, the slides or valve is then moved and a similar action takes place with regards to the up stroke of the piston. The third improvement relates to certain improvements in condensing steam engines, and consists in the application of a cylinder having a piston and piston rod, this cylinder is to be of such dimen- sions as to contain as much water as will condense the steam flowing from

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