File:The National geographic magazine (1902) (14595270479).jpg

Identifier: nationalgeograp131902nati (find matches)
Title: The National geographic magazine
Year: 1888 (1880s)
Authors: National Geographic Society (U.S.)
Subjects: Geography
Publisher: Washington : National Geographic Society
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Mont Pelee from Vive, May 27 The great cloud of steam and smoke rose cauliflower shaped from the summit crater to a heightof from two to three miles. The descending shower of rain and ashes shows on the right Drawn by George Varian. Republished from McClures Magazine
Text Appearing After Image:
The Night Eruption as Seen from the Road Going South from Vive toward Assier Drawn by George Varian. Republished from McClures Magazine Eruptions on Martinique and St Vincent 419 sions due to surface water gaining accessto beds of hot debris and the explosionsin the summit portions of true volcanicconduits. In the former instances sur-face water descends into hot rock debris;and, from the fact that water is presentin the superficial portion of the earthscrust, it seems equally manifest in thelatter instance that highly heated rockrises from deep within the earth andmeets the surface waters. In each in-stance steam explosions result. / aviation in the Eruptions of the Pri-mary Craters.—The variations presentedby the steam columns which ascendfrom active volcanoes—of which the so-called pine tree of Vesuvius is a well-known example—and which in man)^instances afford the most spectacular ofthe awe-inspiring phenomena associatedwith them, have been described byseveral observers who

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