File:Annual report of the Regents (1900) (14779010232).jpg

Identifier: annualreportof5421900newy (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Regents
Year: 1889 (1880s)
Authors: New York State Museum University of the State of New York. Board of Regents
Subjects: New York State Museum Science
Publisher: Albany : J.B. Lyon, State Printer
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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uble salts amounted to .3^. An analysis of the shale made by H. Kies gave: Silica 58.10 Alumina lY. 50 Ferric oxid 6. 00 Lime 4.50 Magnesia 2.88 Alkalis 4.15 Water 5.90 Total 99.03 Horseheads. An opening has been made on the north side ofthe valley along the Elmira, Cortland and N^orthem railroad, tosupply shale for the manufacture of common brick. The quarryface is about 20 feet high and shows the shale to be mostly gray,with occasional yellow layers due to weathering. The shale deposits of New York are destined to play an im-portant role in the future. They forai an inexhaustible source ofsupply, easily located, adapted as present work shows, to a widerange of uses. The products now made from them are common andpressed brick, paving brick, roofing tile, ten-a cotta, sewer pipe andfireproofing. From the tests cited above it will be seen that the shales usedcompare very favorably vnth the requirements of a paving brickmaterial. Most of them are slightly more silicious than the average
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CLAYS OF NEW YOKK 841 run of paving brick clays, but this is no serious objection. The leancharacter of many can be overcome by the addition of plastic clay,as in the case of the Cairo shale, in which instance the mixture, asalready stated, had a tensile strength of 100 pounds a square inch.The amount of fluxes present permits their vitrifying at com-paratively low temperature. But if necessary their refractorinesscould be easily increased by the addition of a certain amount offire clay. Feldspar and quartz Mineralogic characters. Feldspar, or ^ spar as it is com-mercially called, is one of the commonest of rock-forming min-erals, and yet, owing to its usual intimate association with othermineral species, commercially valuable deposits of it are compara-tively rare. The deposit must be large and of snfiicient piirity.Its most common associate is quartz, but the two possess propertieswhich render them easily distinguishable. Feldspar is usually of a cream or red color, but at times may

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