File:Mediaeval and modern history (1905) (14758165136).jpg

Identifier: mediaevalmodernh00myer (find matches)
Title: Mediaeval and modern history
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors: Myers, P. V. N. (Philip Van Ness), 1846-1937
Subjects: Middle Ages History, Modern World War, 1914-1918
Publisher: Boston : Ginn & Company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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than to aught else to the fortunate successionin the papal chair of great men all animated by the steady pur-pose of making supreme the authority of the Roman see. Wehave already noticed the work of some of these makers of thePapacy, notably that of Pope Gregory VII. Gregory had manyworthy successors. The most eminent of these were AlexanderIII (1159-1181) and Innocent III (1198-1216), under whomthe power of the Papacy was at its height. In the paragraphs immediately following we shall glance at someof the events which signahzed the pontificates of these represen-tatives of the papal supremacy. The events we shall touch uponare those which record the triumph of the Papacy first over theEmpire and then over the kings of France and England. 162. Pope Alexander III and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. —A little after the settlement known as the Concordat of Worms(sec. 129) the first of the House of Hohenstaufen came to theGerman throne, and then began a sharp contention, lasting, with 148
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THE PEACE OF VENICE * 149 intervals of strained peace, for more than a century, betweenthe emperors of this proud family and the successive occupantsof the papal chair. This contest was practically the continuation,although under changed conditions of course, of the strugglebegun long before to decide which should be supreme, theworld priest or the world king. The contention filled Germany and Italy, all the lands overwhich the emperors claimed supremacy, with turmoil and vio-lence. The story of the struggle, given with any detail, wouldfill many volumes. In the present connection we can do nomore than simply note the issue of the quarrel in so far as itconcerned Pope Alexander III and one of the most noted ofthe Hohenstaufen, Frederick Barbarossa. In his struggle with the Emperor, the Pope had as allies theEastern Emperor, the king of Sicily, and, above all others inimportance to him, the Lombard cities, who were rebellioustowards Frederick because of his assertion and harsh exercise

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