File:Smithsonian miscellaneous collections (1931) (14782052844).jpg

Identifier: smithsonianmisce821931sm (find matches)
Title: Smithsonian miscellaneous collections
Year: 1862 (1860s)
Authors: Smithsonian Institution
Subjects: Science
Publisher: Washington : Smithsonian Institution
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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tural loads of water vapor and car-bon dioxide, will send upwards in all directions within a solid anglefilling a complete hemisphere. We assume, as does Simpson, that formonochromatic rays the emission of such a layer bears the same pro-portion to the emission of the perfect radiator that the absorption ofthe layer in question bears to unity. While some rays are emitted ver-tically, most rays are emitted obliquely, so that the average emissionand absorption of a layer exceeds that which corresponds to the pre-cipitable water vapor and carbon dioxide found in a vertical path. Itis readily proved by performing the integration over a completehemisphere that the average upward path is double the vertical one.Hence we have doubled Simpsons figures for the precipitable watercontained in the layers he has chosen. These data appear in table 2. ^ See Annals, Vol. 4, Table 102, p. 286; also Smithsonian Physical Tables,/th Rev. Ed., 4th reprint, p. 308. NO. 3 RADIATION OF EARTH TO SPACE—ABBOT
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6 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 82 As a second step, we consider the spectral distribution and intensityof emission of the perfect radiator at different temperatures/ By-interpolation on large scale plots we have prepared table 3. This givesthe approximate intensity of emission of the perfect radiator at tem-peratures corresponding to the mean temperatures of Simpsons lay-ers, and to those of his selected latitudes of the earths surface. Multiplying the values in table 2 by corresponding ones in table 3,we obtain the emission of radiation outwards from each Simpson at-mospheric layer towards a complete hemisphere. The values are givenin table 4. Again interpolating in the plots (fig. 3) we next obtained the trans-mission coefficients for each superincumbent atmospheric mass lyingabove the respective Simpson layers. Allowance is made for the ozoneabsorption between gix and iifi. These values are given in table 5. Multiplying these values by corresponding ones in tables 3 a

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