File:The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London (13960321983).jpg

274

 PEOF. 
 J. 
 PBESTWICH 
 OX 
 THE 
 OCCFERFXCF 
 OF 
 

subangular

 flints, 
 of 
 Tertiary 
 flint-pebbles, 
 and 
 of 
 angular 
 frag- 
 

ments

 of 
 chert 
 and 
 ragstone 
 from 
 the 
 Lower 
 Greensand, 
 the 
 pro- 
 

portion

 of 
 the 
 former 
 decreasing 
 as 
 we 
 descend 
 the 
 valley, 
 and 
 that 
 

of

 the 
 latter 
 increasing 
 : 
 while 
 a 
 few 
 miles 
 down, 
 at 
 Dunks 
 Green, 
 

Wealden

 debris 
 appears. 
 

The

 most 
 important 
 patch 
 of 
 this 
 t; 
 river-drift 
 " 
 is 
 a 
 little 
 above 
 

and

 east 
 of 
 Ightham. 
 at 
 a 
 spot 
 called 
 Highfield. 
 It 
 there 
 forms 
 a 
 bed 
 

o?

 gravel 
 about 
 8 
 feet 
 thick 
 and 
 320 
 feet 
 above 
 O.D.. 
 or 
 of 
 60 
 feet 
 

above

 the 
 Shode. 
 Lower 
 down 
 there 
 are 
 terraces 
 of 
 scattered 
 river- 
 

drift

 at 
 Crowhurst. 
 on 
 the 
 right 
 bank 
 of 
 the 
 stream, 
 and 
 on 
 the 
 left 
 

bank

 between 
 Basted 
 and 
 Crouch, 
 at 
 about 
 the 
 same 
 level 
 of 
 from 
 

300

 to 
 320 
 feet. 
 Below 
 this 
 there 
 is 
 little 
 river-drift 
 to 
 be 
 met 
 

with

 until 
 we 
 reach 
 Dunks 
 Green 
 and 
 Shipborne. 
 where, 
 at 
 a 
 level 
 

of

 from 
 200 
 to 
 250 
 feet, 
 is 
 another 
 thin, 
 though 
 better-marked, 
 

patch

 of 
 gravel, 
 from 
 2 
 to 
 3 
 feet 
 thick 
 : 
 and 
 at 
 Broadfield, 
 on 
 the 
 

opposite

 side 
 of 
 the 
 Shode, 
 there 
 are 
 a 
 few 
 scattered 
 flints 
 and 
 

pebbles,

 which 
 may 
 carry 
 the 
 river-drift 
 to 
 a 
 height 
 of 
 270 
 feet, 
 or 
 

of

 from 
 140 
 to 
 150 
 feet 
 above 
 the 
 Shode. 
 There 
 is 
 another 
 small 
 

patch

 on 
 the 
 ridse 
 between 
 the 
 Shode 
 and 
 the 
 Mote 
 stream 
 (c, 
 r', 
 

figs.

 2. 
 3, 
 4, 
 p. 
 272). 
 

In

 the 
 small 
 portion 
 of 
 the 
 Darent 
 basin 
 with 
 which 
 we 
 have 
 to 
 

deal

 there 
 are 
 very 
 few 
 ' 
 ; 
 river-drifts." 
 There 
 are 
 traces 
 of 
 gravel 
 

below

 Stonepit 
 and 
 Fuller 
 Street 
 which 
 may 
 be 
 referred 
 to 
 them 
 : 
 

but

 the 
 best-marked 
 patch 
 is 
 on 
 a 
 lower 
 level 
 in 
 the 
 railway-cutting 
 

at

 Child's 
 Bridge, 
 near 
 Seal. 
 This 
 latter 
 only 
 covers 
 a 
 few 
 acres, 
 

is

 from 
 4 
 to 
 5 
 feet 
 thick, 
 ochreous, 
 and 
 roughly 
 stratified. 
 It 
 is 
 

composed

 in 
 greater 
 part 
 of 
 Lower 
 Greensand 
 debris*, 
 with 
 very 
 few 
 

flints

 and 
 flint-pebbles. 
 Some 
 of 
 the 
 flints 
 are 
 pitted, 
 and 
 others 
 

stained

 brown 
 and 
 subangular. 
 

In

 the 
 basin 
 of 
 the 
 Leybourne 
 stream 
 a 
 bed, 
 apparently 
 of 
 river- 
 

gravel,

 extends 
 from 
 below 
 Offham 
 Church 
 at 
 the 
 level 
 of 
 230 
 feet 
 to 
 

West

 Mailing, 
 where 
 its 
 level 
 at 
 St. 
 Leonard's 
 Tower 
 is 
 from 
 180 
 

to

 200 
 feet 
 above 
 O.D. 
 It 
 consists 
 of 
 subangular 
 flints, 
 chert, 
 and 
 

Tertiary

 pebbles 
 in 
 a 
 sandy 
 matrix. 
 There 
 are 
 no 
 pits 
 to 
 show 
 its 
 

thickness.

 On 
 the 
 other 
 side 
 of 
 the 
 stream 
 there 
 is 
 a 
 slightly 
 

lower

 terrace 
 (described 
 by 
 Mr. 
 Topley) 
 capping 
 Leybourne 
 Hill 
 at 
 

a

 height 
 of 
 153 
 feet 
 above 
 O.D., 
 or 
 of 
 75 
 feet 
 above 
 the 
 stream, 
 and 
 

traces

 of 
 the 
 same 
 are 
 visible 
 at 
 Larkfield 
 Heath. 
 

There

 are 
 some 
 lower-level 
 gravels 
 near 
 Byarsh. 
 but 
 without 
 

sections,

 and 
 the 
 old 
 pit 
 on 
 this 
 level, 
 near 
 Leybourne 
 Church, 
 is 
 

now

 closed. 
 At 
 the 
 junction 
 of 
 this 
 valley 
 with 
 that 
 of 
 the 
 Med- 
 

way

 there 
 is, 
 however, 
 a 
 large 
 pit 
 on 
 a 
 well-marked 
 terrace 
 about 
 

60

 feet 
 above 
 O.D., 
 capped 
 by 
 an 
 ochreous 
 gravel 
 composed 
 of 
 a 
 

mixed

 debris 
 of 
 subangular 
 flints, 
 weathered 
 chert, 
 and 
 Tertian- 
 

flint-pebbles,

 with 
 a 
 considerable 
 proportion 
 of 
 Wealden 
 pebbles 
 f. 
 

Unfortunately

 there 
 are 
 neither 
 river-shells 
 nor 
 Mammalian 
 

remains

 in 
 any 
 of 
 the 
 Shode 
 gravels 
 to 
 certify 
 to 
 their 
 character 
 ; 
 

 Mr. 
 Harrison 
 reports 
 one 
 fragment 
 of 
 Oldbury 
 stone 
 ; 
 but 
 this 
 may 
 have 
 

come

 from 
 some 
 of 
 the 
 hills 
 west 
 of 
 Oldbury. 
 

t

 See 
 Topley's 
 ' 
 Geology 
 of 
 the 
 Weald,' 
 p.