File:The genera of birds (19140510558).jpg

FULIGULIN I
the fresh-water lakes and rivers; bul some arc more especially found on the sen shore. Their food consist.- principally
of small bivalve and univalve shells, which they dive for, or for which they search the pools that arc left on the sand
banks alter the tide has receded, or on the muddy shores that are found on some coasts. Others feed principally on
the roots of aquatic plants.
1. P. orirtata (Kay), PI.enl. 1001. 1007 Anas Fuligula Linn. ;
Anas Colynibis l'all. ; Anas scandiaca Gmel. ; Anas latirostra Briin. ;
Anas notata Bodd.
2. F. collarix (Don.) Pr. Bonap., Donov. Brit Birds, pi. 147. —
Anas Fuligula Wils. Amer. Ornithol. pi, (.7. f. 5. ; Anas rutitorques
1'r. Uonap.
8. F. Sfarila (Linn.) Steph. Pl.cnl. 1002 Anas fnenata Span. ;
Anas subterranea Scop.
4. ? F. mariloides (Richards.) H'ils. Amer. Orn. pi. 6.). f. 3.
Fuligula aftinis L'yton.
5. F. novee zealandiec (Gmel.) Steph. Forst. Icon. ined. t. 79. —
Anas atricilla Forst. MS.
6. F. metopias (Poeppig), Froriep's Notizen (1829) No. 529.,
Hull. Sci. Nat. 1829. p. 103.
7. ? F. rufa (Linn.) Steph. Penn. Br. Zool. t. 99., S. G. Gmel.
Iteise, ii. t. Hi.
Nyroca Flem.*
Bill as long as the head, higher at the base than broad ; the culmen gradually sloping towards the tip,
which is depressed, slightly dilated, and armed with a strong nail; the lamella; of the upper mandible not
prominent ; and the nostrils oval, and placed near the base. Wings lengthened and pointed, with the
two firsl quills the longest. Tail short and rounded. Tarsi half the length of the middle toe, and com-
pressed. Toes lengthened, and united by a full web.
The ducks which compose this division are found in various parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and North
America. They migrate in flocks to the higher latitudes to breed ; and are generally seen on the fresh-water lakes,
rivers, and marshes, but usually at no great distance from the sea, and occasionally on the sea shore, expertly diving
for their food, which consists of aquatic plants, seeds, and insects. The nest is generally placed in the reeds, &c, that
border the edge of lakes and rivers ; it is formed of dried vegetable matter, and they deposit therein from eight to ten
egga.
1. N.ferina (Linn.) Flem. PI. enl. 803. — Anas rufa Gmel.; Anas Nyroca Gueld. ; Anas peregrina Gmel. ; ? Anas africana Gmel. ;
ruficollis Scop. Anas Gmelini Lath. S. G. Gmel. Reise, ii. t. l6. ; Anas Glaucion
2. ? N. americana (Pr. Bonap.) Wils. Amer. Orn. pi. 70. f. 6. — Pall.
Anas ferina Wils. 5. N. australis Gould, Eyton's Anat. p. 160.
.'i. X. VaUmeria (Wils.) Steph. Wils. Amer. Orn. pi. 70. f. 5. 6'. N. brunnea Eyton, Anat.pl. p. l6l.
4. N. leucophthalma (Bechst.) Flem. Pi. enlumin. 1000. — Anas . 7- ? N./ulva (Gmel.).
Clang ul a Flem.\
Bill shorter than the head, narrower than high at the base ; the culmen gradually sloping to the tip,
which is armed with a strong broad nail ; the sides narrowing towards the tip, the lateral margins
straight, membranous, and then curved upwards to the nail ; the lamella) of the upper mandible not
prominent, and widely set ; and the nostrils oval, large, and placed in the middle of the bill. Wings
moderate, acute, with the two first quills the longest. Tail rather long, and graduated. Tarsi much
shorter than the middle toe, and compressed. Toes lengthened, and united by a full web.
They are inhabitants of the Arctic regions, from whence they migrate to the south on the approach of the winter
season. Usually seen in small parties on fresh lakes and the larger rivers, and sometimes on the sea shore. Their flight

• Established by Dr. Fleming (Phil, of Zool. ii. p. 260.) in 1822 ; but M. Boie, in the same year, proposed Aythya.
  

t Established by Ur. Fleming (Phil of Zool. ii. p. 2f.0.) in 1822. In 1828, M. Lesson proposed Histrionicus ; while, in 1829, M. Kaup
used Glaucion for this division.