File:Walks and talks in the geological field (1898) (14783031585).jpg

Identifier: walkstalksingeol1898winc (find matches)
Title: Walks and talks in the geological field
Year: 1898 (1890s)
Authors: Winchell, Alexander, 1824-1891 author Starr, Frederick, 1858-1933 editor
Subjects: Geology
Publisher: Meadville, Penna. : Flood and Vincent
Contributing Library: Harold B. Lee Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Brigham Young University

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f the world. Some of those of NewIceland^ Zealand present close resemblances to the MammothHot Springs of Gardiner^s River. Geysers occuralso in New Zealand ; but the most celebrated is theGreat Geyser of Iceland. To impart a conception ofits behavior in eruption, the following description byS. Baring Gould is cited:—Five strokes underground were the signal, then an overflow, wettingevery side of the mound. Presently a dome of waterrose in the center of the basin and fell again, imme-diately to be followed by a fresh bell, which spranginto the air full forty feet high, accompanied by aroaring burst of steam. Instantly, the fountain be-gan to play with the utmost violence ; a columnrushed up to the height of ninety or one hundredfeet, against the gray night sky, with mighty vol-ume of white steam cloud rolling about it, and sweptoff by the breeze to fall in torrents of hot rain. Jetsand lines of water tore their way through the cloud,*>r leaped high above its domed mass. The earth
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102 Walks and Talks in the Geological Field, trembled and throbbed during the explosion, thenthe column sank, started up again, dropped oncemore, and seemed to be sucked back into the earth.—Pen and Pencil Sketches of Faroe and Iceland,Expia- contemplate the phenomena of a geyser nation of or hot spring without feeling a conviction that heatacticm ^® essential condition. Somewhere within theearth is a repository of heat sufficient to warm, oreven to boil, the water which rises to the surface.Strata whose outcropping edges appear at the sur-face receive rain-water and convey it along the dipto unknown depths. The water rises through a tube,and in its lower part a temperature exists sufficientto boil water under the pressure there existing. Butdetails of the mechanism are not unanimouslyagreed upon. They are probably somewhat as fol-lows :—Water accumulates in the geyser pipe uponthe steam formed in the lower part by the bottomtemperature. The steam, for a time, is subjected tocomp

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