User talk:Donald Trung/Archive 116
This is an archive of past discussions. Do not edit the contents of this page. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the current talk page. |
Latest tech news from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. Translations are available.
Changes later this week
- You will be able to read but not to edit Wikidata for up to 30 minutes on 10 September at 05:00 (UTC). [1]
- When you log in, the software checks your password to see if it follows the Password policy. From this week, it will also complain if you are a "privileged user" and your password is too short. If your password is not strong enough, please consider to change your password for a stronger password. [2]
- The new version of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 September. It will be on all wikis from 12 September (calendar).
Meetings
- You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on 11 September at 15:00 (UTC). See how to join.
Future changes
- Soon, the AbuseFilter will recognize new syntax errors. Specifically, it will recognize errors about empty operands. You can see a list of examples in phab:T156096. Any active filter with such an error will stop working; hence, please take a look at the list of affected filters, and fix the ones that you can fix. Note that there is also an ongoing RFC on meta-wiki about the creation of a new abusefilter-manager global group.
Tech news prepared by Tech News writers and posted by bot • Contribute • Translate • Get help • Give feedback • Subscribe or unsubscribe.
17:49, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
François Thierry's images of Qianzhuang-issued Zhuangpiao
- https://www.ecosia.org/images?q=QIANZHUANG#id=862D4577CEDB2DB6FBFB90BC91F7AE12CF6C1F5D
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 21:56, 12 September 2019 (UTC) .
- http://www.transasiart.com/Numismatique/numismatique_chine/republique/bambous/ncnrepbpqx.htm
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 21:56, 12 September 2019 (UTC) .
- http://www.transasiart.com/Images/documentspapier/tongshengqingdsite.jpg
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 21:56, 12 September 2019 (UTC) .
- http://www.transasiart.com/Numismatique/numismatique_chine/republique/bambous/ncnrepbptsq.htm
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 21:56, 12 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 18:21, 10 September 2019 (UTC)
貳吊文
Search images of banknotes with this denomination.
--14:18, 13 September 2019 (UTC). --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 14:18, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
Yang Ming banknotes to import (13 September 2019).
- 民国年(郧邑·将军河)万丰祯铜元壹串文,正面印有李白将进酒和五蝠临门图,背面则以历代古钱币为全景,极富传统文化内涵,少见品,八成新(按:郧邑属湖北省,地处鄂豫陕三省边沿。) - www.yangmingauction.com - 764 - 起拍价 : ¥1,500 成交价 : 2,415 RMB - 2014/12/7 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,江南藏韵 · 中国纸币(一), www.yangmingauction.com (上海阳明拍卖有限公司 - Shanghai Yang Ming Auction).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 14:45, 13 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 14:27, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
Temple oF Heaven 2 Chuàn banknote (Yang Ming Auction)
- 民国二十年(1931年)协泰市用铜元贰串,票上地址石灰窑即今湖北省黄石市,印有晴川阁和黄鹤楼名胜,少见,七五成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 766 - 起拍价 : ¥500 成交价 : 3,105 RMB - 2014/12/7 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,江南藏韵 · 中国纸币(一)- 拍品描述 - 民国二十年(1931年)协泰市用铜元贰串,票上地址石灰窑即今湖北省黄石市,印有晴川阁和黄鹤楼名胜,少见,七五成新, www.yangmingauction.com (Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 15:17, 13 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 14:53, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
壹仟文
This is a sandbox to ask Baomi.
Alright, I've been working on Chinese currencies for years and I still don't get the Qing Dynasty and Republican currency systems. So 1 串 = 10 角 = 100 分 / 仙 = 1000 文, and also 1 兩 = 10 角 = 100 分 / 仙 = 1000 文, and 1 圓 / 元 = 10 角 = 100 分 / 仙 = 1000 文. So 串, 兩, and 圓 seem interchangeable to me, but for whatever 🙄 reason it's not uncommon for the same bank to issue banknotes denominated in 串, 兩, and 圓. And how is the 吊文 different from the 串文? --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 18:37, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
伍吊文
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 14:20, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
山东钱庄票3种,详分:(烟台)聚源湧钱庄1916年壹仟文;(牟平)万聚钱庄市钱壹吊文;(棲霞)鸿祥永1927年壹吊文;海外回流品,九成至全新
- 山东钱庄票3种,详分:(烟台)聚源湧钱庄1916年壹仟文;(牟平)万聚钱庄市钱壹吊文;(棲霞)鸿祥永1927年壹吊文;海外回流品,九成至全新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1634 - 起拍价 : ¥100 成交价 : 690 RMB - 2017/9/9 9:00:00 - 上海阳明2017年秋季拍卖会,钞史钩沉·中国纸币 - 拍品描述 - 山东钱庄票3种,详分:(烟台)聚源湧钱庄1916年壹仟文;(牟平)万聚钱庄市钱壹吊文;(棲霞)鸿祥永1927年壹吊文;海外回流品,九成至全新, www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 民国十六年(1927年)鄂北地方钱号铜元壹串,上印“樊候祠”图案,背印古塔风景;是项纸币乃由国民革命军第二集团军第三方面军总指挥方振武将军驻扎襄阳时所发行,目前存世极为珍罕;台湾藏家出品,有修补,七五成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1658 - 起拍价 : ¥5,000 成交价 : 10,925 RMB - 2017/9/9 9:00:00 - 上海阳明2017年秋季拍卖会,钞史钩沉·中国纸币, www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 民国十七年(1928年)黄石港大通钱庄贰串,上印泰山南天门图,湖北钱庄票之少见品,源于日本回流,八五成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1692 - 起拍价 : ¥2,000 成交价 : 2,875 RMB - 2014/12/8 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,春华秋实 · 中国纸币(二), www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 民国三年(1914年)东陇方琴利毫票伍毫,上印二小天使和银币图;广东惠来钱庄钞票,少见,有修补,七五成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1709 - 起拍价 : ¥2,000 成交价 : -- RMB - 2014/12/8 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,春华秋实 · 中国纸币(二)- 拍品描述 - 民国三年(1914年)东陇方琴利毫票伍毫,上印二小天使和银币图;广东惠来钱庄钞票,少见,有修补,七五成新, www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 广东钱庄票2种,详分:河婆张盛记毫票1923年贰毫,上印飞鹰和银图;(新龙)利昌号镭票1931年铜镭叁拾,飞机图;六至七成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1712 - 起拍价 : ¥100 成交价 : 690 RMB - 2014/12/8 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,春华秋实 · 中国纸币(二), www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image / Good image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 民国三年(1914年)汀州·广福丰银庄柒兑银壹圆;此钞虽发行于福建汀州,但亦可在汕头流通,故其货币单位仍按潮汕习惯采用“直平柒兑”制度;首见珍品,源于岭南前辈之秘藏,八五成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1708 - 起拍价 : ¥15,000 成交价 : 17,250 RMB - 2014/12/8 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,春华秋实 · 中国纸币(二), www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image / Goodspic).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
- 民国早期(大冶)万和丰贰串,上印“龙马负书出于河”图与中国实业银行纸币类同,均典出于《周易》,即河书洛图之源流;少见且印刷精美,八成新 - www.yangmingauction.com - 1691 - 起拍价 : ¥500 成交价 : 3,795 RMB - 2014/12/8 9:30:00 - 上海阳明2014年秋季拍卖会,春华秋实 · 中国纸币(二), www.yangmingauction.com (Ecosia search / Source image / http://www.yangmingauction.com/upload/picB14122/1691.jpg / http://www.yangmingauction.com/goodspic.html?p=upload/picB14122/big/1691.jpg).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 18:48, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
- http://www.yangmingauction.com/goodslist.html?code=B17092&OrderBy=&page=22
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 07:47, 14 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 18:49, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
Notification about possible deletion
Some contents have been listed at Commons:Deletion requests so that the community can discuss whether they should be kept or not. We would appreciate it if you could go to voice your opinion about this at their entry.
If you created these pages, please note that the fact that they have been proposed for deletion does not necessarily mean that we do not value your kind contribution. It simply means that one person believes that there is some specific problem with them, such as a copyright issue. Please see Commons:But it's my own work! for a guide on how to address these issues. |
Affected:
Yours sincerely, Yuraily Lic (talk) 03:23, 14 September 2019 (UTC)
Kwangtung Currency Bureau.
- WORLD PAPER MONEY - CHINA--PROVINCIAL BANKS. Kwangtung Currency Bureau. $1, Yr. 31 (1905). P-S2388. - (S/M#K51-20) An always highly popular design type that seldom appears in Very Fine grades such as this note. The note shows with facing dragon at the top with pearl of wisdom between. Obverse and reverse of a dragon dollar at left and right which strongly contribute to the popularity of the note. Some rust at the back is noted. Rare with this much detail. - PMG Very Fine 25 Net. Rust. - Estimate: $1500, NumisBids (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 13:54, 15 September 2019 (UTC) .
- Lot 676 - Kwangtung Currency Bureau 1905 Issue, iCollector (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 13:54, 15 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 13:31, 15 September 2019 (UTC)
Notification about possible deletion
Some contents have been listed at Commons:Deletion requests so that the community can discuss whether they should be kept or not. We would appreciate it if you could go to voice your opinion about this at their entry.
If you created these pages, please note that the fact that they have been proposed for deletion does not necessarily mean that we do not value your kind contribution. It simply means that one person believes that there is some specific problem with them, such as a copyright issue. Please see Commons:But it's my own work! for a guide on how to address these issues. |
Affected:
And also:
Yours sincerely, Yuraily Lic (talk) 06:24, 15 September 2019 (UTC)
Qing Dynasty photographs (www.vintage.es)
- Qing Dynasty: 33 Rare Portrait Photos of Chinese People in the 1860s - www.vintag.es - 3 mins read, www.vintag.es (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 20:55, 15 September 2019 (UTC) .
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 15:52, 15 September 2019 (UTC)
Latest tech news from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. Translations are available.
Problems
- Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [3]
- There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [4]
Changes later this week
- You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC). You can see which wikis. [5]
- The new version of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September (calendar).
Meetings
- You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on 18 September at 15:00 (UTC). See how to join.
Future changes
- The Wikipedia app for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can see what it could look like and give feedback.
- When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the CSS class
.mw-revision
. It will use the CSS class.warningbox
for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [6]
Tech news prepared by Tech News writers and posted by bot • Contribute • Translate • Get help • Give feedback • Subscribe or unsubscribe.
15:08, 16 September 2019 (UTC)
KKNews.cc to import to Wikimedia Commons
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 11:20, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
Latest tech news from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. Translations are available.
Problems
- Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [7]
- There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [8]
Changes later this week
- You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC). You can see which wikis. [9]
- The new version of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September (calendar).
Meetings
- You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on 18 September at 15:00 (UTC). See how to join.
Future changes
- The Wikipedia app for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can see what it could look like and give feedback.
- When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the CSS class
.mw-revision
. It will use the CSS class.warningbox
for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [10]
Tech news prepared by Tech News writers and posted by bot • Contribute • Translate • Get help • Give feedback • Subscribe or unsubscribe.
15:07, 16 September 2019 (UTC)
Wikidata weekly summary #382
- Events
- Past: Wikidata et Wiktionnaire session at the French-speaking WikiConvention by Pamputt (slides)
- Upcoming: WikidataWednesday in Vienna, September 18th
- Upcoming: Wikidata meetup in Paris, September 20th
- Upcoming: #4 Wikidata tea party/第4回 ウィキデータ茶話会, 20 Sep 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
- Upcoming: Wikibase Workshop/ウィキベースワークショップ, 28 Sep 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
- Press, articles, blog posts
- Wikidata gets wordier, by Christian Lieske and Felix Sasaki on Multilingual
- Non-Parametric Class Completeness Estimators for Collaborative Knowledge Graphs -- The Case of Wikidata - Michael Luggen et al.
- Tool of the week
- Hauki lets you browse existing Lexemes, add Senses to them, and easily create new Lexemes for common languages and lexical categories.
- Other Noteworthy Stuff
- мир (L99999) (peace), мир (100000) (world/earth) and L166666 were created
- Did you know?
- Newest properties:
- General datatypes: cumulative elevation gain, climbing route
- External identifiers: Lower Austrian Museum ID, Auckland Museum ID, MUBI film ID, MUBI person ID, Al-Jazeera topic ID, Digital Giza ID, Grammy Awards artist ID, Highland Historic Environment Record ID, Online PWN Encyclopedia, Downdetector ID, TOP500 System ID, National Wildlife Refuge Trails ID, Maine Trail Finder ID
- New property proposals to review:
- General datatypes: Masters Thesis, OFLC classification (New Zealand), worn by, station type, interchange, status, first, last and so on, front and backside
- External identifiers: Archnet Site ID, Trail Finder ID, ExplorePaTrails ID, code DANE, ICD-11, SMHI drainage basin ID, Letteraturaitaliana.net author ID, NMM artist ID, Pathway Ontology ID, Mixer game ID, Vudu video ID
- Query examples:
- Number of times a Wikidata item for Carl von Linnaeus was created
- Picture of species were the author(s) of the first scientific description is in WD and connected to Uppsala University Alvin database
- same query but where we miss a picture in Wikidata
- Twins with different places of birth (source)
- Places in Scottish local government areas (source)
- Libraries in Austria (source)
- Schema examples:
- Newest WikiProjects: Textile arts, Dark
- Newest properties:
- Development
- Started working on two new projects: improving the resource loader module and tainted references
- Wikidata Bridge: save the Wikidata edit when submitting (phab:T226999)
- Show the label for the Property instead of the id (phab:T227759)
- Warn user about blank edit summary on EntitySchema (phab:T230399)
You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here. If you want to help, you can also have a look at the tasks needing a volunteer.
- Monthly Tasks
- Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above.
- Comment on property proposals: all open proposals
- Suggested and open tasks!
- Contribute to a Showcase item.
- Help translate or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language!
- Help merge identical items across Wikimedia projects.
- Help write the next summary!
Latest tech news from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. Translations are available.
Problems
- Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [11]
- There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [12]
Changes later this week
- You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC). You can see which wikis. [13]
- The new version of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September (calendar).
Meetings
- You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on 18 September at 15:00 (UTC). See how to join.
Future changes
- The Wikipedia app for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can see what it could look like and give feedback.
- When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the CSS class
.mw-revision
. It will use the CSS class.warningbox
for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [14]
Tech news prepared by Tech News writers and posted by bot • Contribute • Translate • Get help • Give feedback • Subscribe or unsubscribe.
15:14, 16 September 2019 (UTC)
Shanxi Bank images
- 十城联展开幕|从钱庄到私人银行,君子偕伙伴同行, icbc.com.cn (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 19:53, 17 September 2019 (UTC).
- 十城联展开幕|从钱庄到私人银行,君子偕伙伴同行, icbc.com.cn (Ecosia search / Source image).
- Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. --Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 19:53, 17 September 2019 (UTC).
--Donald Trung 『徵國單』 (No Fake News 💬) (WikiProject Numismatics 💴) (Articles 📚) 19:15, 17 September 2019 (UTC)
Shanxi Bank images
(Standard layout)
- [ ] ([ Ecosia search] / [ Source image]).
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The denominations of the contemporary coinage[1][2] was extremely chaotic with different standards being used across regions, making it a confusing mess to exchange between areas due to the wide range of systems and denominations used to categorise the many coinages of the Qing.[3] There was likewise a wide range of types of paper notes. The traditional copper-allow cash was reflected in cash notes (錢票). Some of these banknotes used the traditional government mandated exchange rate of 1,000 wén per string of cash coins (串 or 吊) in a system for cash coins known as Xiaoping Qian (小平錢), while others used differing local exchange rates, like the Eastern cash or Dongqian (東錢) of the Fengtian province, with 160 cash coins per string, or the metropolitan cash (京錢) from Beijing[4][5] which had an exchange rate of 500 cash coins per string. Local banknotes usually reflected local exchange rates.[2] During the late Qing dynasty Japanese cash coins circulated in China,[4][6][7][8] as well as cash coins from earlier dynasties of different shapes and sizes at different exchange rates.[4][9][10][11]
On the local markets, the exchange rates even deviated from the fixed denominations, as had been the case with cash coins of substandard quality for an extended amount of time. The silver currency was reflected in silver notes (銀票), and also in other types of paper money, there were great differences in the conversion rate depending on the region where the banknotes were traded or used in. In Beijing, the imperial Kuping tael (庫平兩), which had a standard weight of 37.5 grams, exchange rate was used side by side with the local metropolitan rate which was known as the Jingping Liang (京平兩), while the Shanghai tael (上海紋銀) was used on banknotes issued by both the Huifeng Bank (匯豐銀行) and the Shanghai Tongshang Yinhang (上海通商銀行).[2] The banknotes of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation were principally denominated in "Chinese dollars"; however, the tael, Mexican dollar, and various currencies based upon the local Chinese dollar were also employed as denominations.[5]
The denominations on the silver yuan banknotes (銀元票) were the most standardised, but exchange rates still differed on the individual Chinese markets where they circulated, depending on the local value of the silver yuan coins. The imperial government attempted to clarify this chaotic situation with the Statutes for Paper Bills (通用銀錢票章程) decreed in the year 1909.[2] For silver currencies the standardised government currency units were "1 Kuping Tael (庫平兩) = 10 mace (錢) = 100 candareen (分) = 1000 cash (厘 / 釐)" for taels, which were based on units of weight,[12][13] while the round silver coins were standardised at "1 yuan or dollar (元 / 圓) = 10 jiao or hou (角 / 毫) = 100 fen or sin (分 / 仙) = 1000 cash (厘 / 文)", and 1 yuan was worth a coin with a weight of 0.72 taels as standardized in 1910.[14]
References
- ↑ Ulrich Theobald (10 May 2016). Paper Money in Premodern China. (in en). Chinaknowledge. Retrieved on 27 March 2019.
- ↑ a b c d Ulrich Theobald (13 April 2016). Qing Period Paper Money. (in en). Chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved on 27 March 2019.
- ↑ Eduard Kann and Mario L. Sacripante. The Currencies of China: An investigation of silver & gold transactions affecting China with a section on copper. Publisher: Ishi Press International. Published: 18 January 2011. ISBN 4871878856
- ↑ a b c Niv Horesh (28 September 2018). The Monetary System of China under the Qing Dynasty. (in en). Springer Link. Retrieved on 29 July 2019.
- ↑ a b John E. Sandrock (1997). THE FOREIGN BANKS IN CHINA, PART I - EARLY IMPERIAL ISSUES (1850-1900) by John E. Sandrock - The Opening of China to the Outside World. (in en). The Currency Collector.. Retrieved on 1 April 2019.
- ↑ Young Numismatists in China. (in en). Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture) (24 September 2015). Retrieved on 21 September 2018.
- ↑ AS谈古论今 (15 September 2015). 农妇上山拾柴意外发现千枚古钱币 价值高达数百万. (in zh-cn). Sohu, Inc.. Retrieved on 21 September 2018.
- ↑ Guiyang Evening News (guiyang wanbao, 贵阳晚报). Published: August 12th, 2015. (in Mandarin Chinese written in Simplified Chinese characters)
- ↑ Song Dynasty Biscuit Coins. (in en). Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture) (15 February 2016). Retrieved on 17 September 2018.
- ↑ Data.Shouxi.com - Lot:412 北宋特大型“咸平元宝”饼钱 - 进入专场。Retrieved: 17 September 2018. (in Mandarin Chinese written in Simplified Chinese characters)
- ↑ Taiwan Note - 古錢 - 最新更動日期: 2016/12/17. Retrieved: 17 September 2018. (in Mandarin Chinese written in Traditional Chinese characters)
- ↑ Introduction to the Guangxu Tael。 (in en). Nick Brindley for Chinesecoins.com (Treasures & Investments) (6 March 2015). Retrieved on 6 July 2017.
- ↑ The Coin that Marked the End of an Era: 1911 Silver Dragon Dollar。 (in en). Nick Brindley for Chinesecoins.com (Treasures & Investments) (19 November 2014). Retrieved on 6 July 2017.
- ↑ Ixueshu (25 February 2005). 论我国现代货币单位“元、角、分”体系的确立. (in zh-cn). 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science). Retrieved on 16 September 2019.