Commons:Droit d'auteur par territoire/Somaliland

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This page is a translated version of a page Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Somaliland and the translation is 42% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Somaliland and have to be approved by a translation administrator.
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Le Somaliland est une région située dans le nord de la Somalie. Ses dirigeants ont déclaré que le territoire était un état indépendant en 1991, mais d'un point de vue international la zone est considérée comme une région autonome de la Somalie.

Contexte

Vers la fin du 19ème siècle, l'empire britannique et l'empire italien établissent des colonies : le Somaliland britannique et le Somaliland italien. L'occupation italienne dure jusqu'en 1941, lorsque l'administration militaire britannique prend le contrôle de la zone. En 1949 le Somaliland italien entre sous tutelle des Nations Unies, avec une administration italienne. Les deux régions sont réunies le 1er juillet 1960 pour former la République indépendante somalienne. Le 18 mai 1991, l'ancien Somaliland britannique déclare unilatéralement son indépendance de la Somalie.

Les droits d'auteur au Somaliland britannique étaient définis par la Copyright Act de 1911, qui a été remplacée par la Copyright Act de 1956. Les lois italiennes s'appliquaient au Somaliland italien. Ces deux jeux de lois sont restés en vigueur dans leurs régions respectives jusqu'à ce que la République démocratique somalienne édicte la première Copyright Law, Law No. 66 du 7 septembre 1977[1]. Il semble que la loi de 1977 n'aie pas été largement utilisée ni appliquée, et il n'est pas clair qu'elle s'applique dans l'état sécessionniste du Somaliland[1].

Somaliland and Somalia are not signatory to the Berne Convention or any treaty with the United States, so works from Somaliland may be freely used in the United States. To qualify for Wikimedia Commons they must also be free of copyright in Somaliland. Given the uncertain status, under the precautionary principle they must be free of copyright under the law of Somalia and the law of Somaliland.

Règles générales

According to the 1977 Copyright Law - Law No. 66 of 7 September 1977, Somali law includes copyright protection only for registered works. However, there is no longer anywhere to register copyrights. There are records of a copyright office existing prior to being destroyed in the civil war in 1991. Durations were:

[2]

  • The copyright of (registered) literary and artistic and scientific works shall be protected during the life of the author and for a further period of 30 years after his death.[6/1977 (Art.24)]
  • In the case of joint works, the copyright shall be protected up to 30 years after the death of the last surviving author.[6/1977 (Art.24.2)]
  • Works whose authors are not known or were published anonymously or under pseudonyms shall enjoy protection from the date when the unknown name or the real name of the author is found in the Copyright Register.[6/1977 (Art.25)]
  • Works undertaken after the death of an author shall enjoy protection from the date of their publication.

Treaty status

Copyright notes

Copyright notes
Per U.S. Circ. 38a, the following countries are not participants in the Berne Convention or Universal Copyright Convention and there is no presidential proclamation restoring U.S. copyright protection to works of these countries on the basis of reciprocal treatment of the works of U.S. nationals or domiciliaries:
  • East Timor, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran, Iraq, Marshall Islands, Palau, Somalia, Somaliland, and South Sudan.

As such, works published by citizens of these countries in these countries are usually not subject to copyright protection outside of these countries. Hence, such works may be in the public domain in most other countries worldwide.

However:

  • Works published in these countries by citizens or permanent residents of other countries that are signatories to the Berne Convention or any other treaty on copyright will still be protected in their home country and internationally as well as locally by local copyright law (if it exists).
  • Similarly, works published outside of these countries within 30 days of publication within these countries will also usually be subject to protection in the foreign country of publication. When works are subject to copyright outside of these countries, the term of such copyright protection may exceed the term of copyright inside them.
  • Unpublished works from these countries may be fully copyrighted.
  • A work from one of these countries may become copyrighted in the United States under the URAA if the work's home country enters a copyright treaty or agreement with the United States and the work is still under copyright in its home country.

Somaliland has no effective copyright protection, active copyright protection, or international copyright treaties. According to the 1977 Copyright Law - Law No. 66 of 7 September 1977, the law of internationally recognized Somalia includes copyright protection for registered works. However, there is no longer anywhere in Somaliland to register copyrights. There are records of a copyright office existing prior to being destroyed in the civil war in 1991.

Bandeaux de licence

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Bandeaux de licence

Liberté de panorama

Voir aussi : Commons:Liberté de panorama

Voir aussi

Références

  1. a b Somaliland Copyright Law. Somaliland Law.com (2018). Retrieved on 2018-12-09.
  2. Somali Democratic Republic Copyright Law 1977: Law No. 66 of 7/9/1977 (in Somali). Retrieved on 2020-12-21.
Attention : la description ci-dessus peut être inexacte, incomplète ou obsolète, elle doit donc être traitée avec prudence. Avant de déposer un fichier sur Wikimedia Commons, vous devez vous assurer qu’il peut être utilisé librement. Voir aussi : Commons:Avertissements généraux